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We establish a strong form of Littlewood's conjecture with inhomogeneous shifts, for a full-dimensional set of pairs of badly approximable numbers on a vertical line. We also prove a uniform assertion of this nature, generalising a strong…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-15 Sam Chow , Agamemnon Zafeiropoulos

In this thesis we give an in-depth introduction to the General Number Field Sieve, as it was used by Buhler, Lenstra, and Pomerance, before looking at one of the modern developments of this algorithm: A randomized version with provable…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Barry van Leeuwen

Variational inequality problems allow for capturing an expansive class of problems, including convex optimization problems, convex Nash games and economic equilibrium problems, amongst others. Yet in most practical settings, such problems…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-02-17 Uma V. Ravat , Uday V. Shanbhag

In this paper we develop a general theoretical tool for the establishment of the boundedness of notoriously difficult operators (such as potentials) on certain specific types of rearrangement-invariant function spaces from analogous…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Zdeněk Mihula , Luboš Pick , Daniel Spector

Some extensions of an inequality from IMO'2001 are proven by means of the Lagrange multiplier criterion.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Oleg Mushkarov , Nikolai Nikolov

The Simes inequality has received considerable attention recently because of its close connection to some important multiple hypothesis testing procedures. We revisit in this article an old result on this inequality to clarify and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Sanat K. Sarkar

We generalize Goodstein's theorem (Goodstein 1944) and Cichon's independence proof (Cichon 1983) to $\Pi^1_1-\mathrm{CA}_0$ using results from (Wilken 2026). The method is generalizable to stronger notation systems that provide unique terms…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Gunnar Wilken

Let $A_1, A_2, \ldots, A_n$ be events in a sample space. Given the probability of the intersection of each collection of up to $k+1$ of these events, what can we say about the probability that at least $r$ of the events occur? This question…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Ilan Adler , Richard M. Karp , Sheldon M. Ross

We have fundamentally corrected the proofs of the theorems from our paper [9] by giving an entirely different approach, using quite a simple method based on applications of some elementary inequalities, well-known H\"older's inequality, and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-04-10 Tatjana Z. Mirkovic , Slobodan B. Trickovic , Miomir S. Stankovic

We present some extensions of Bernstein's concentration inequality for random matrices. This inequality has become a useful and powerful tool for many problems in statistics, signal processing and theoretical computer science. The main…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-18 Stanislav Minsker

We analyse the two definitions of generalized quantifiers for logics of dependence and independence that have been proposed by F. Engstr\"om, comparing them with a more general, higher-order definition of team quantifier. We show that…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-05-17 Fausto Barbero

We prove a conjecture of Arunachalam & Dutt ([AD24]) on the existence of a tolerant stabilizer testing algorithm, and achieve an exponential improvement in the parameters of the tester. Key to our argument is a generalized uncertainty…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-14 Zongbo Bao , Philippe van Dordrecht , Jonas Helsen

In this paper we provide a generalization of the concept of cohesion as introduced recently by Berenhaut, Moore and Melvin [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119 (4) (2022)]. The formulation presented builds on the technique…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-01 Kenneth S. Berenhaut , John D. Foley , Liangdongsheng Lyu

Favaro, Lijoi, and Pruenster (2012, Biometrics, 68, 1188--1196) derive a novel Bayesian nonparametric estimator of the probability of detecting at the $(n+m+1)$th observation a species already observed with any given frequency in an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-04-04 Annalisa Cerquetti

It is well know that basic conditionals satisfy some desirable basic logical and probabilistic properties, such as the compound probability theorem, but checking the validity of these becomes trickier when we switch to compound and iterated…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Lydia Castronovo , Giuseppe Sanfilippo

We consider optimal state discrimination in a general convex operational framework, so-called generalized probabilistic theories (GPTs), and present a general method of optimal discrimination by applying the complementarity problem from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-11 Joonwoo Bae , D. -G. Kim , Leong-Chuan Kwek

In the 1970s Muckenhoupt and Wheeden made several conjectures relating two weight norm inequalities for the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator to such inequalities for singular integrals. Using techniques developed for the recent proof of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-04-12 David Cruz-Uribe , Kabe Moen

The Subspace Theorem due to Schmidt (1972) is a broad generalisation of Roth's Theorem in Diophantine Approximation (1955) which, in the same way as the latter, suffers a notorious lack of effectivity. This problem is tackled from a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-14 Faustin Adiceam , Victor Shirandami

New lower bounds involving sum, difference, product, and ratio sets for a set $A\subset \C$ are given. The estimates involving the sum set match, up to constants, the one obtained by Solymosi for the reals and are obtained by generalising…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-12 Sergei V. Konyagin , Misha Rudnev

In 1982, Alain Aspect, and collaborators performed an experiment, in order to observe the violation of the inequality of Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt. After the experiment, they used the data in the inequality and concluded that the…