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Generating entanglement in a distributed scenario is a fundamental task for implementing the quantum network of the future. We here report a protocol that uses only linear optics for generating GHZ states with high fidelities in a nearby…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-11 Valentina Caprara Vivoli , Jérémy Ribeiro , Stephanie Wehner

In the Quantum Internet, multipartite entanglement enables a rich and dynamic overlay topology, referred to as artificial topology, upon the physical one, that can be exploited for communication purposes. In fact, the ability to extract…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Si-Yi Chen , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti , Marcello Caleffi

In this work, we focus on GHZ state generation under the practical constraint of limited qubit connectivity, a hallmark of current NISQ hardware. We study the GHZ state preparation across different connectivity graphs inspired by IBM and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-28 S. Siddardha Chelluri , Stephan Schuster , Sumeet , Riccardo Roma

Provided that cavities are initially in a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state, we show that GHZ states of N-group qubits distributed in N cavities can be created via a 3-step operation. The GHZ states of the N-group qubits are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-08 Tong Liu , Qi-Ping Su , Yu Zhang , Yu-Liang Fang , Chui-Ping Yang

We consider a pure 2m-qubit initial state to evolve under a particular quantum me- chanical spin Hamiltonian, which can be written in terms of the adjacency matrix of the Johnson network J(2m;m). Then, by using some techniques such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-25 M. A. Jafarizadeh , R. Sufiani , F. Eghbalifam , M. Azimi , S. F. Taghavi , E. Barati

The generation of GHZ states in quantum networks is a key element for the realization of several quantum information tasks. Given the complexity of the implementation of such generation, it is not easy to find an unambigous proof for an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-13 Valentina Caprara Vivoli

The distribution of high-quality Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states is at the heart of many quantum communication tasks, ranging from extending the baseline of telescopes to secret sharing. They also play an important role in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-02 Sébastian de Bone , Runsheng Ouyang , Kenneth Goodenough , David Elkouss

Photonic GHZ states serve as the central resource for a number of important applications in quantum information science, including secret sharing, sensing, and fusion-based quantum computing. The use of photon-emitter entangling gates is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-02 Rafail Frantzeskakis , Chenxu Liu , Zahra Raissi , Edwin Barnes , Sophia E. Economou

Let $|\Psi>$ be an arbitrary stabilizer state distributed between three remote parties, such that each party holds several qubits. Let $S$ be a stabilizer group of $|\Psi>$. We show that $|\Psi>$ can be converted by local unitaries into a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Sergey Bravyi , David Fattal , Daniel Gottesman

A quantum internet aims at harnessing networked quantum technologies, namely by distributing bipartite entanglement between distant nodes. However, multipartite entanglement between the nodes may empower the quantum internet for additional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Luís Bugalho , Bruno C. Coutinho , Francisco A. Monteiro , Yasser Omar

Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states play a central role in quantum computing and communication protocols, as a typical multipartite entanglement resource. This work introduces an efficient enumeration and simulation method for circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Mingyuan Wang , Guus Avis , Stefan Krastanov

We propose schemes to extract arbitrary graph states from two-dimensional cluster states by locally manipulating the qubits solely via single-qubit measurements. We introduce graph state manipulation tools that allow one to increase the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Julia Freund , Alexander Pirker , Lina Vandré , Wolfgang Dür

We propose a superconducting qutrit-resonator chain model, and analytically work out forms of its topological edge states. The existence of the zero-energy mode enables to generate a state transfer between two ends of the chain, accompanied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Jin-Xuan Han , Jin-Lei Wu , Yan Wang , Yan Xia , Yong-Yuan Jiang , Jie Song

Quantum networks are natural scenarios for the communication of information among distributed parties, and the arena of promising schemes for distributed quantum computation. Measurement-based quantum computing is a prominent example of how…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-14 Mario Arnolfo Ciampini , Paolo Mataloni , Mauro Paternostro

Graph states are a key resource for a number of applications in quantum information theory. Due to the inherent noise in noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era devices, it is important to understand the effects noise has on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Aqil Sajjad , Eneet Kaur , Kenneth Goodenough , Don Towsley , Saikat Guha

The $N$-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states are the maximally entangled states of $N$ qubits, which have had many important applications in quantum information processing, such as quantum key distribution and quantum secret…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-03 Xing-Yan Fan , Jie Zhou , Hui-Xian Meng , Chunfeng Wu , Arun Kumar Pati , Jing-Ling Chen

In this paper we propose a technique for distributing entanglement in architectures in which interactions between pairs of qubits are constrained to a fixed network $G$. This allows for two-qubit operations to be performed between qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-04 Niel de Beaudrap , Steven Herbert

Entanglement distillation is a well-studied problem in quantum information, where one typically starts with $n$ noisy Bell pairs and distills $k$ Bell pairs of higher fidelity. While distilling Bell pairs is the canonical setting, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-25 Narayanan Rengaswamy , Ankur Raina , Nithin Raveendran , Bane Vasić

In this note, we study some properties of the GHZ state. First, we present a quantum secret sharing scheme in which the participants require only classical channels in order to reconstruct the secret; our protocol is significantly more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-22 Anne Broadbent , Paul Robert Chouha , Alain Tapp

We propose a way for transferring Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled states from $n$ qubits in one cavity onto another $n$ qubits in the other cavity. It is shown that $n$-qubit GHZ states $\alpha \left\vert 00...0\right\rangle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-06 Xiao-Ling He , Chui-Ping Yang
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