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We define a simple, explicit map sending a morphism $f:M \rightarrow N$ of pointwise finite dimensional persistence modules to a matching between the barcodes of $M$ and $N$. Our main result is that, in a precise sense, the quality of this…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2016-10-25 Ulrich Bauer , Michael Lesnick

For any persistence module $M$ over a finite poset $\mathbf{P}$, and any interval $I$ of $\mathbf{P}$, we give a formula for the multiplicity $d_M(V_I)$ of the interval module $V_I$ in the indecomposable decomposition of $M$ in terms of the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Hideto Asashiba , Enhao Liu

We introduce persistence with an emphasis on its algebraic foundations, using the representation theory of posets. Linear representations of posets arise in several areas of mathematics, including the representation theory of quivers and…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-04-09 Ulrich Bauer , Thomas Brüstle , Luis Scoccola

Computation of the interleaving distance between persistence modules is a central task in topological data analysis. For $1$-parameter persistence modules, thanks to the isometry theorem, this can be done by computing the bottleneck…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Tamal K. Dey , Cheng Xin

Persistent homology is a way of determining the topological properties of a data set. It is well known that each persistence module admits the structure of a representation of a finite totally ordered set. In previous work, the authors…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2017-11-01 Killian Meehan , David Meyer

We investigate the existence of sufficient local conditions under which poset representations decompose as direct sums of indecomposables from a given class. In our work, the indexing poset is the product of two totally ordered sets,…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-13 Magnus Bakke Botnan , Vadim Lebovici , Steve Oudot

Local conditions for the direct summands of a persistence module to belong to a certain class of indecomposables have been proposed in the 2-parameter setting, notably for the class of indecomposables called block modules, which plays a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-12 Vadim Lebovici , Jan-Paul Lerch , Steve Oudot

We show that the observable category of q-tame multiparameter persistence modules satisfies good metric and algebraic properties: it forms a complete metric space with respect to the interleaving distance, and it is Krull--Schmidt in the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Ulrich Bauer , Cameron Gusel , Luis Scoccola

We show that computing the interleaving distance between two multi-graded persistence modules is NP-hard. More precisely, we show that deciding whether two modules are $1$-interleaved is NP-complete, already for bigraded, interval…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Håvard Bakke Bjerkevik , Magnus Bakke Botnan , Michael Kerber

In the persistent homology of filtrations, the indecomposable decompositions provide the persistence diagrams. However, in almost all cases of multidimensional persistence, the classification of all indecomposable modules is known to be a…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Hideto Asashiba , Mickaël Buchet , Emerson G. Escolar , Ken Nakashima , Michio Yoshiwaki

While persistent homology has taken strides towards becoming a wide-spread tool for data analysis, multidimensional persistence has proven more difficult to apply. One reason is the serious drawback of no longer having a concise and…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-12-20 Mickaël Buchet , Emerson G. Escolar

We demonstrate that an equivalence of categories using $\varepsilon$-interleavings as a fundamental component exists between the model of persistence modules as graded modules over a polynomial ring and the model of persistence modules as…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2012-10-31 Mikael Vejdemo-Johansson

We give a self-contained treatment of the theory of persistence modules indexed over the real line. We give new proofs of the standard results. Persistence diagrams are constructed using measure theory. Linear algebra lemmas are simplified…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2013-03-21 Frederic Chazal , Vin de Silva , Marc Glisse , Steve Oudot

This paper addresses two questions: (a) can we identify a sensible class of 2-parameter persistence modules on which the rank invariant is complete? (b) can we determine efficiently whether a given 2-parameter persistence module belongs to…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-02-07 Magnus Bakke Botnan , Vadim Lebovici , Steve Oudot

This article grew out of the theoretical part of my Master's thesis at the Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science at Ruprecht-Karls-Universit\"at Heidelberg under the supervision of PD Dr. Andreas Ott. Following the work of G.…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-07-08 Maximilian Neumann

Motivated by the need to relate the biparameter persistence module induced by a pair of scalar functions with the monoparameter persistence modules induced by each function separately, we introduce a construction that defines a kind of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Isabella Mastroianni , Marco Guerra , Ulderico Fugacci , Emanuela De Negri

Persistence modules are representations of products of totally ordered sets in the category of vector spaces. They appear naturally in the representation theory of algebras, but in recent years they have also found applications in other…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-11-04 Steve Oudot

Motivated both by theoretical and practical considerations in topological data analysis, we generalize the $p$-Wasserstein distance on barcodes to multiparameter persistence modules. For each $p\in [1,\infty]$, we in fact introduce two such…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-11-12 Håvard Bakke Bjerkevik , Michael Lesnick

This work concerns the theoretical foundations of persistence-based topological data analysis. We develop theory of topological inference in the multidimensional persistence setting, and directly at the (topological) level of filtrations…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2012-06-08 Michael Lesnick

An important problem in the field of Topological Data Analysis is defining topological summaries which can be combined with traditional data analytic tools. In recent work Bubenik introduced the persistence landscape, a stable…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-12-27 Oliver Vipond