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We show that adding new chemical species into the reactions of a chemical reaction network (CRN) in such a way that the rank of the network remains unchanged preserves its capacity for multiple nondegenerate equilibria and/or periodic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-09-14 Murad Banaji , Balázs Boros , Josef Hofbauer

Vector Addition Systems and equivalent Petri nets are a well established models of concurrency. The central algorithmic problem for Vector Addition Systems with a long research history is the reachability problem asking whether there exists…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Wojciech Czerwiński , Łukasz Orlikowski

Mathematical Epidemiology (ME) shares with Chemical Reaction Network Theory (CRNT) the basic mathematical structure of its dynamical systems. Despite this central similarity, methods from CRNT have been seldom applied to solving problems in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-05-30 Nicola Vassena , Florin Avram , Rim Adenane

We investigate the complexity of the reachability problem for (deep) neural networks: does it compute valid output given some valid input? It was recently claimed that the problem is NP-complete for general neural networks and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Marco Sälzer , Martin Lange

Network properties govern the rate and extent of spreading processes on networks, from simple contagions to complex cascades. Recent advances have extended the study of spreading processes from static networks to temporal networks, where…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-11-05 Eun Lee , James Moody , Peter J. Mucha

Chemical reactor networks (CRNs) enable simulations of combustion reactors with detailed chemical kinetics and strongly simplified flow structure. In this paper, the implementation of a reactor component with less idealized flow structure,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-05-22 Lisanne Gossel , Mathis Fricke , Dieter Bothe

Iterative imperative programs can be considered as infinite-state systems computing over possibly unbounded domains. Studying reachability in these systems is challenging as it requires to deal with an infinite number of states with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-02-15 Arnaud Gotlieb , Tristan Denmat , Nadjib Lazaar

We present a differentiable formulation of abstract chemical reaction networks (CRNs) that can be trained to solve a variety of computational tasks. Chemical reaction networks are one of the most fundamental computational substrates used by…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-07 Alexander Mordvintsev , Ettore Randazzo , Eyvind Niklasson

The Chemical Reaction Network (CRN) is a well-studied model that describes the interaction of molecules in well-mixed solutions. In 2014, Qian and Winfree [22] proposed the abstract surface chemical reaction network model (sCRN), which…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Yi-Xuan Lee , Ho-Lin Chen

Power law dynamics is used to describe the stability behavior in metabolic networks such as chemical reaction networks (CRN's). These systems allow multiple steady states within a single stoichiometric class. On the other side thermodynamic…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-07-10 Gunther Friedrich Neumann

A reaction system exhibits "absolute concentration robustness" (ACR) in some species if the positive steady-state value of that species does not depend on initial conditions. Mathematically, this means that the positive part of the variety…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-06-08 Nicolette Meshkat , Anne Shiu , Angélica Torres

Background: A classical problem in metabolic design is to maximize the production of desired compound in a given chemical reaction network by appropriately directing the mass flow through the network. Computationally, this problem is…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2011-10-28 Jakob L. Andersen , Christoph Flamm , Daniel Merkle , Peter F. Stadler

We address a fundamental question: under which conditions do the dynamics and thermodynamics of open chemical reaction networks (CRNs), grounded on the notion of idealized chemostats that exchange selected species, emerge from underlying…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-17 Benedikt Remlein , Massimiliano Esposito , Francesco Avanzini

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) exhibit complex dynamics governed by their underlying network structure. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to study the dynamics of CRNs by representing them on species graphs (S-graphs). By…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-24 Keisuke Sugie , Dimitri Loutchko , Tetsuya J. Kobayashi

In this work, we design a type of controller that consists of adding a specific set of reactions to an existing mass-action chemical reaction network in order to control a target species. This set of reactions is effective for both…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-27 Jinsu Kim , German Enciso

Continuous-time Markov chains are frequently used as stochastic models for chemical reaction networks, especially in the growing field of systems biology. A fundamental problem for these Stochastic Chemical Reaction Networks (SCRNs) is to…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-12 Felipe A. Campos , Simone Bruno , Yi Fu , Domitilla Del Vecchio , Ruth J. Williams

Reachability analysis plays a central role in system design and verification. The reachability problem, denoted $\Diamond^J\,\Phi$, asks whether the system will meet the property $\Phi$ after some time in a given time interval $J$.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Hui Jiang , Jianling Fu , Ming Xu , Yuxin Deng , Zhi-Bin Li

Reaction networks have become a major modelling framework in the biological sciences from epidemiology and population biology to genetics and cellular biology. In recent years, much progress has been made on stochastic reaction networks…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-14 Linard Hoessly , Carsten Wiuf , Panqiu Xia

Genetic regulatory networks (GRNs) have been widely studied, yet there is a lack of understanding with regards to the final size and properties of these networks, mainly due to no network currently being complete. In this study, we analyzed…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2019-03-13 Adrian I. Campos-González , Julio A. Freyre-González

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) are fundamental computational models used to study the behavior of chemical reactions in well-mixed solutions. They have been used extensively to model a broad range of biological systems, and are primarily…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2021-05-13 J. N. Mueller , J. N. Corcoran
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