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Federated learning (FL) is an emerging machine learning paradigm that allows to accomplish model training without aggregating data at a central server. Most studies on FL consider a centralized framework, in which a single server is endowed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Bin Wang , Jun Fang , Hongbin Li , Xiaojun Yuan , Qing Ling

Federated learning (FL) is recognized as a key enabling technology to support distributed artificial intelligence (AI) services in future 6G. By supporting decentralized data training and collaborative model training among devices, FL…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-02 Shaoming Huang , Pengfei Zhang , Yijie Mao , Lixiang Lian , Yuanming Shi

Nowadays, the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has played an integral role in Industry 4.0 and produced massive amounts of data for industrial intelligence. These data locate on decentralized devices in modern factories. To protect the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Zonghang Li , Yihong He , Hongfang Yu , Jiawen Kang , Xiaoping Li , Zenglin Xu , Dusit Niyato

Federated Learning (FL) is a collaborative machine learning (ML) framework that combines on-device training and server-based aggregation to train a common ML model among distributed agents. In this work, we propose an asynchronous FL design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Chung-Hsuan Hu , Zheng Chen , Erik G. Larsson

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a machine learning model without sharing their raw data. However, the limited computation resources of the clients may result in a high delay and energy consumption…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Chuiyang Meng , Ming Tang , Vincent W. S. Wong

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning technique that allows decentralized collaborative model training across a set of distributed clients, by avoiding raw data exchange. A fundamental component of FL is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Sara Alosaime , Arshad Jhumka

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a global machine learning model via a server without sharing their private training data. In traditional FL, the system follows a synchronous approach, where the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Anjun Gao , Feng Wang , Zhenglin Wan , Yueyang Quan , Zhuqing Liu , Minghong Fang

Federated Learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving intelligence on Internet of Things (IoT) devices but incurs a significant carbon footprint due to the high energy cost of frequent uplink transmission. While pre-trained models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Charuka Herath , Yogachandran Rahulamathavan , Varuna De Silva , Sangarapillai Lambotharan

Over the past few years, significant advancements have been made in the field of machine learning (ML) to address resource management, interference management, autonomy, and decision-making in wireless networks. Traditional ML approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Xiaonan Liu , Yansha Deng , Arumugam Nallanathan , Mehdi Bennis

Federated Learning (FL), introduced in 2016, was designed to enhance data privacy in collaborative model training environments. Among the FL paradigm, horizontal FL, where clients share the same set of features but different data samples,…

Federated learning is a new framework that protects data privacy and allows multiple devices to cooperate in training machine learning models. Previous studies have proposed multiple approaches to eliminate the challenges posed by non-iid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Shunxin Guo , Hongsong Wang , Shuxia Lin , Xu Yang , Xin Geng

Federated learning (FL) brings collaborative intelligence into industries without centralized training data to accelerate the process of Industry 4.0 on the edge computing level. FL solves the dilemma in which enterprises wish to make the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Jiehan Zhou , Shouhua Zhang , Qinghua Lu , Wenbin Dai , Min Chen , Xin Liu , Susanna Pirttikangas , Yang Shi , Weishan Zhang , Enrique Herrera-Viedma

In this article, we address the problem of federated learning in the presence of stragglers. For this problem, a coded federated learning framework has been proposed, where the central server aggregates gradients received from the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Chengxi Li , Ming Xiao , Mikael Skoglund

While substantial research has been devoted to optimizing model performance, convergence rates, and communication efficiency, the energy implications of federated learning (FL) within Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) scenarios are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Roberto Pereira , Fernanda Famá , Charalampos Kalalas , Paolo Dini

Federated Learning (FL) represents a paradigm shift in machine learning, allowing collaborative model training while keeping data localized. This approach is particularly pertinent in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) context, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Senthil Kumar Jagatheesaperumal , Mohamed Rahouti , Ali Alfatemi , Nasir Ghani , Vu Khanh Quy , Abdellah Chehri

Federated learning (FL) is a machine learning paradigm where a shared central model is learned across distributed edge devices while the training data remains on these devices. Federated Averaging (FedAvg) is the leading optimization method…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Yujing Chen , Yue Ning , Martin Slawski , Huzefa Rangwala

Federated Learning (FL) is a novel, multidisciplinary Machine Learning paradigm where multiple clients, such as mobile devices, collaborate to solve machine learning problems. Initially introduced in Kone{\v{c}}n{\'y} et al. (2016a,b);…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Konstantin Burlachenko

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training among distributed devices without data sharing, but existing FL suffers from poor scalability because of global model synchronization. To address this issue, hierarchical…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Tianyu Qi , Yufeng Zhan , Peng Li , Jingcai Guo , Yuanqing Xia

In federated learning, the models can be trained synchronously or asynchronously. Many research works have focused on developing an aggregation method for the server to aggregate multiple local models into the global model with improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Tien-Dung Cao , Nguyen T. Vuong , Thai Q. Le , Hoang V. N. Dao , Tram Truong-Huu

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized devices while preserving data privacy. However, traditional FL suffers from communication overhead, system heterogeneity, and straggler effects. Asynchronous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Ali Forootani , Raffaele Iervolino
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