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We perform an average case analysis of the generalization dynamics of large neural networks trained using gradient descent. We study the practically-relevant "high-dimensional" regime where the number of free parameters in the network is on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-11 Madhu S. Advani , Andrew M. Saxe

Deep transfer learning (DTL) has formed a long-term quest toward enabling deep neural networks (DNNs) to reuse historical experiences as efficiently as humans. This ability is named knowledge transferability. A commonly used paradigm for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Yixiong Chen , Jingxian Li , Chris Ding , Li Liu

A recent line of research has shown that gradient-based algorithms with random initialization can converge to the global minima of the training loss for over-parameterized (i.e., sufficiently wide) deep neural networks. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Difan Zou , Quanquan Gu

Empirically it has been observed that the performance of deep neural networks steadily improves as we increase model size, contradicting the classical view on overfitting and generalization. Recently, the double descent phenomena has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Ilja Kuzborskij , Csaba Szepesvári , Omar Rivasplata , Amal Rannen-Triki , Razvan Pascanu

Combining empirical risk minimization with capacity control is a classical strategy in machine learning when trying to control the generalization gap and avoid overfitting, as the model class capacity gets larger. Yet, in modern deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Marc Lafon , Alexandre Thomas

Transfer learning can significantly improve the sample efficiency of neural networks, by exploiting the relatedness between a data-scarce target task and a data-abundant source task. Despite years of successful applications, transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Federica Gerace , Luca Saglietti , Stefano Sarao Mannelli , Andrew Saxe , Lenka Zdeborová

There has been growing interest in generalization performance of large multilayer neural networks that can be trained to achieve zero training error, while generalizing well on test data. This regime is known as 'second descent' and it…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-30 Eng Hock Lee , Vladimir Cherkassky

In the context of neural network models, overparametrization refers to the phenomena whereby these models appear to generalize well on the unseen data, even though the number of parameters significantly exceeds the sample sizes, and the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-25 Matt Emschwiller , David Gamarnik , Eren C. Kızıldağ , Ilias Zadik

A regression model with more parameters than data points in the training data is overparametrized and has the capability to interpolate the training data. Based on the classical bias-variance tradeoff expressions, it is commonly assumed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Tomas McKelvey

In supervised learning, it is known that overparameterized neural networks with one hidden layer provably and efficiently learn and generalize, when trained using stochastic gradient descent with a sufficiently small learning rate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Kulin Shah , Amit Deshpande , Navin Goyal

The double descent (DD) paradox, where over-parameterized models see generalization improve past the interpolation point, remains largely unexplored in the non-stationary domain of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). We present preliminary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Viktor Veselý , Aleksandar Todorov , Matthia Sabatelli

Optimization plays a key role in the training of deep neural networks. Deciding when to stop training can have a substantial impact on the performance of the network during inference. Under certain conditions, the generalization error can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Florian Dubost , Erin Hong , Max Pike , Siddharth Sharma , Siyi Tang , Nandita Bhaskhar , Christopher Lee-Messer , Daniel Rubin

At the heart of machine learning lies the question of generalizability of learned rules over previously unseen data. While over-parameterized models based on neural networks are now ubiquitous in machine learning applications, our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Melikasadat Emami , Mojtaba Sahraee-Ardakan , Parthe Pandit , Sundeep Rangan , Alyson K. Fletcher

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are typically optimized using various forms of mini-batch gradient descent algorithm. A major motivation for mini-batch gradient descent is that with a suitably chosen batch size, available computing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Oyebade K. Oyedotun , Konstantinos Papadopoulos , Djamila Aouada

Increasing the size of overparameterized neural networks has been a key in achieving state-of-the-art performance. This is captured by the double descent phenomenon, where the test loss follows a decreasing-increasing-decreasing pattern (or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Yihao Xue , Kyle Whitecross , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Machine unlearning is the task of updating a trained model to forget specific training data without retraining from scratch. In this paper, we investigate how unlearning of deep neural networks (DNNs) is affected by the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Gal Alon , Yehuda Dar

The use of transfer learning with deep neural networks has increasingly become widespread for deploying well-tested computer vision systems to newer domains, especially those with limited datasets. We describe a transfer learning use case…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Rashik Shadman , M. G. Sarwar Murshed , Edward Verenich , Alvaro Velasquez , Faraz Hussain

Unlike the conventional wisdom in statistical learning theory, the test error of a deep neural network (DNN) often demonstrates double descent: as the model complexity increases, it first follows a classical U-shaped curve and then shows a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Xiao Zhang , Dongrui Wu , Haoyi Xiong , Bo Dai

Over-parameterization and adaptive methods have played a crucial role in the success of deep learning in the last decade. The widespread use of over-parameterization has forced us to rethink generalization by bringing forth new phenomena,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-01 Vatsal Shah , Soumya Basu , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Sujay Sanghavi

Finding the optimal size of deep learning models is very actual and of broad impact, especially in energy-saving schemes. Very recently, an unexpected phenomenon, the ``double descent'', has caught the attention of the deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Victor Quétu , Enzo Tartaglione