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Accurate prediction of protein-protein binding affinity is vital for understanding molecular interactions and designing therapeutics. We adapt Boltz-2, a state-of-the-art structure-based protein-ligand affinity predictor, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 James King , Lewis Cornwall , Andrei Cristian Nica , James Day , Aaron Sim , Neil Dalchau , Lilly Wollman , Joshua Meyers

The conformational landscape of proteins is crucial to understanding their functionality in complex biological processes. Traditional physics-based computational methods, such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, suffer from rare event…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-25 Yan Wang , Lihao Wang , Yuning Shen , Yiqun Wang , Huizhuo Yuan , Yue Wu , Quanquan Gu

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are a class of generative models used for various applications, but they have been known to suffer from the mode collapse problem, in which some modes of the target distribution are ignored by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Karttikeya Mangalam , Rohin Garg

Focusing on the grand-canonical extension of the ordinary restricted Boltzmann machine, we suggest an energy-based model for feature extraction that uses a layer of hidden units with varying size. By an appropriate choice of the chemical…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2019-12-13 Orestis Loukas

Machine-learning techniques are essential in modern collider research, yet their probabilistic outputs often lack calibrated uncertainty estimates and finite-sample guarantees, limiting their direct use in statistical inference and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-22 Jack Y. Araz , Michael Spannowsky

Energy-based models are popular in machine learning due to the elegance of their formulation and their relationship to statistical physics. Among these, the Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), and its staple training algorithm contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-04-09 Daniel Jiwoong Im , Ethan Buchman , Graham W. Taylor

Inductive conformal predictors (ICPs) are algorithms that are able to generate prediction sets, instead of point predictions, which are valid at a user-defined confidence level, only assuming exchangeability. These algorithms are useful for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yizirui Fang , Anthony Bellotti

As synthetic data becomes higher quality and proliferates on the internet, machine learning models are increasingly trained on a mix of human- and machine-generated data. Despite the successful stories of using synthetic data for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Nate Gillman , Michael Freeman , Daksh Aggarwal , Chia-Hong Hsu , Calvin Luo , Yonglong Tian , Chen Sun

Boltzmann machines (BM) are widely used as generative models. For example, pairwise Potts models (PM), which are instances of the BM class, provide accurate statistical models of families of evolutionarily related protein sequences. Their…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-08-09 Pierre Barrat-Charlaix , Anna Paola Muntoni , Kai Shimagaki , Martin Weigt , Francesco Zamponi

Graphical models are powerful tools for modeling high-dimensional data, but learning graphical models in the presence of latent variables is well-known to be difficult. In this work we give new results for learning Restricted Boltzmann…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Surbhi Goel , Adam Klivans , Frederic Koehler

Although transformers have demonstrated impressive capabilities for in-context learning (ICL) in practice, theoretical understanding of the underlying mechanism that allows transformers to perform ICL is still in its infancy. This work aims…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Wei Shen , Ruida Zhou , Jing Yang , Cong Shen

Molecular dynamics is the primary computational method by which modern structural biology explores macromolecule structure and function. Boltzmann generators have been proposed as an alternative to molecular dynamics, by replacing the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Congzhou M. Sha , Jian Wang , Nikolay V. Dokholyan

We set up Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) to reproduce the Long Range Ising (LRI) models of the Ohmic type in one dimension. The RBM parameters are tuned by using the standard machine learning procedure with an additional method of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-01-03 Ken-Ichi Aoki , Tamao Kobayashi

Implicit generative models are difficult to train as no explicit density functions are defined. Generative adversarial nets (GANs) present a minimax framework to train such models, which however can suffer from mode collapse due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Chao Du , Kun Xu , Chongxuan Li , Jun Zhu , Bo Zhang

The generation of high-quality synthetic data presents significant challenges in machine learning research, particularly regarding statistical fidelity and uncertainty quantification. Existing generative models produce compelling synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Rahul Vishwakarma , Shrey Dharmendra Modi , Vishwanath Seshagiri

Generative adversarial networks are generative models that are capable of replicating the implicit probability distribution of the input data with high accuracy. Traditionally, GANs consist of a Generator and a Discriminator which interact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Xin Wang

We perform extensive coarse-grained (CG) Langevin dynamics simulations of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), which possess fluctuating conformational statistics between that for excluded volume random walks and collapsed globules.…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-22 W. Wendell Smith , Po-Yi Ho , Corey S. O'Hern

Randomly generating structured objects is important in testing and optimizing functional programs, whereas generating random $'l$-terms is more specifically needed for testing and optimizing compilers. For that a tool called QuickCheck has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Pierre Lescanne

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) do not possess well-defined three-dimensional structures in solution under physiological conditions. We develop all-atom, united-atom, and coarse-grained Langevin dynamics simulations for the IDP…

Although much progress has been made towards robust deep learning, a significant gap in robustness remains between real-world perturbations and more narrowly defined sets typically studied in adversarial defenses. In this paper, we aim to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Eric Wong , J. Zico Kolter