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A transport model is developed to describe hadron emission from a strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The quark-gluon plasma is controlled by ideal hydrodynamics, and the hadron motion is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Hong Miao , Chongshou Gao , Pengfei Zhuang

We emphasize that a knowledge of energy and entropy densities of quark gluon plasma - a thermalized de-confined matter, formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions fixes the formation temperature and the product of gluon fugacity and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-09-22 Dinesh K. Srivastava , Rupa Chatterjee , Munshi G. Mustafa

Hydrodynamics merged with single-freeze-out statistical hadronization is used to describe the midrapidity hadron production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the highest RHIC energies and to make predictions for the LHC. Thermodynamic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Mikolaj Chojnacki , Wojciech Florkowski , Wojciech Broniowski , Adam Kisiel

The recombination model as a model for hadronization from a quark-gluon plasma has been recently revived since it has advantages in explaining several important features of the final state produced in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC, such as…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-01-15 Kang Seog Lee , Steffen Bass , Berndt Mueller , Chiho Nonaka

In high energy heavy ion collisions a new state of matter, the strongly coupled quark gluon plasma is formed that exhibits the similar properties as our Universe had just a couple of microseconds after the Big Bang, hence such collisions…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-15 Sándor Lökös , Gábor Kasza

We present VAH, a (3+1)-dimensional simulation that evolves the far-from-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma produced in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions with anisotropic fluid dynamics. We solve the hydrodynamic equations on an Eulerian…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-07-28 M. McNelis , D. Bazow , U. Heinz

High-energy nuclear collisions exhibit collective flow, which emerges as a dynamical response of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) to the initial state geometry of the collision. Collective flow in heavy-ion collisions is usually described…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-21 Victor E. Ambrus , Sören Schlichting , Clemens Werthmann

We present a simple way to construct 3D initial conditions for relativistic heavy-ion collisions based on the Glauber collision geometry. Local energy and momentum conservation conditions are imposed to set non-trivial constraints on our…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-07-22 Chun Shen , Sahr Alzhrani

Using next-to-leading order perturbative QCD and a conjecture of saturation to suppress the production of low-energy partons, we calculate the initial energy densities and formation times for the dissipative fluid dynamical evolution of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-17 R. Paatelainen , K. J. Eskola , H. Niemi , K. Tuominen

Employing a perturbative QCD based parton cascade we calculate the elliptic flow $v_2$ and its transverse momentum dependence $v_2(p_T)$ for the gluon matter created in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV. To make comparisons with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-02-18 Zhe Xu , Carsten Greiner

This work presents a Bayesian inference study for relativistic heavy-ion collisions in the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. The theoretical model simulates event-by-event (3+1)D collision dynamics using…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-02-03 Syed Afrid Jahan , Hendrik Roch , Chun Shen

It has been over a decade since the first experimental data from gold nuclei collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider suggested hydrodynamic behavior. While early ideal hydrodynamical models were surprisingly accurate in their…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-07-30 Joshua Vredevoogd

This is a contribution for the Proceedings of 5th International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP 2016), held at Crete, 6-14 July 2016. Our goal is to obtain phenomenologically reliable insights for the physics of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-02-14 I. Ya. Aref'eva

Nuclear collisions at intermediate, relativistic, and ultra-relativistic energies offer unique opportunities to study in detail manifold fragmentation and clustering phenomena in dense nuclear matter. At intermediate energies, the well…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Stefan Scherer , Horst Stocker

Here I review measurements of v2, the second component in a Fourier decomposition of the azimuthal dependence of particle production relative to the reaction plane in heavy-ion collisions. v2 is an observable central to the interpretation…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2016-12-21 Paul Sorensen

In this article, we briefly review recent progress on hydrodynamic modeling and its implementations to relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC. The related topics include: 1) initial state fluctuations, final state…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-01-03 Huichao Song

Viscous relativistic hydrodynamics in 3+1 dimensions is applied to describe heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. We present calculations of observables that are sensitive to the longitudinal structure of the created system. In particular…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-11-23 Gabriel Denicol , Akihiko Monnai , Sangwook Ryu , Bjoern Schenke

To achieve an understanding of the thermalization of a quark-gluon plasma, starting from QCD without using model assumptions, is a formidable task. We study the early stage dynamics of a relativistic heavy ion collision in the framework of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-05-31 Maximilian Attems , Owe Philipsen , Christian Schäfer , Björn Wagenbach , Savvas Zafeiropoulos

In high energy heavy-ion collisions, the two colliding nuclei pass through each other leaving behind an almost baryon free central rapidity region. Most of the baryons are carried away by the nuclear remnants and are located in the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-01-02 Ming Li , Chun Shen

High-energy nuclear collisions encompass three key stages: the structure of the colliding nuclei informed by low-energy nuclear physics, the initial condition (IC) leading to the formation of quark-gluon plasma (QGP), and the hydrodynamic…