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Related papers: Fundamentally Understanding and Solving RowHammer

200 papers

Rowhammer is a hardware vulnerability in DRAM memory, where repeated access to memory can induce bit flips in neighboring memory locations. Being a hardware vulnerability, rowhammer bypasses all of the system memory protection, allowing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Zhi Zhang , Yueqiang Cheng , Dongxi Liu , Surya Nepal , Zhi Wang , Yuval Yarom

Rowhammer poses a significant security challenge for modern computers, specifically affecting Dynamic Random Access Memory(DRAM). Given society's growing reliance on computer systems, ensuring the reliability of hardware is of utmost…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Amir Naseredini

RowHammer attacks are a growing security and reliability concern for DRAMs and computer systems as they can induce many bit errors that overwhelm error detection and correction capabilities. System-level solutions are needed as process…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Steven C. Woo , Wendy Elsasser , Mike Hamburg , Eric Linstadt , Michael R. Miller , Taeksang Song , James Tringali

This dissertation rigorously characterizes many modern commodity DRAM devices and shows that by exploiting DRAM access timing margins within manufacturer-recommended DRAM timing specifications, we can significantly improve system…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Jeremie S. Kim

DRAM is the primary technology used for main memory in modern systems. Unfortunately, as DRAM scales down to smaller technology nodes, it faces key challenges in both data integrity and latency, which strongly affect overall system…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Hasan Hassan

The demand for accurate information about the internal structure and characteristics of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) has been on the rise. Recent studies have explored the structure and characteristics of DRAM to improve processing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Hwayong Nam , Seungmin Baek , Minbok Wi , Michael Jaemin Kim , Jaehyun Park , Chihun Song , Nam Sung Kim , Jung Ho Ahn

Read disturbance in modern DRAM chips is a widespread phenomenon and is reliably used for breaking memory isolation, a fundamental building block for building robust systems. RowHammer and RowPress are two examples of read disturbance in…

Recent advancements in side-channel attacks have revealed the vulnerability of modern Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to malicious adversarial weight attacks. The well-studied RowHammer attack has effectively compromised DNN performance by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Ranyang Zhou , Jacqueline T. Liu , Sabbir Ahmed , Shaahin Angizi , Adnan Siraj Rakin

Rowhammer is a security vulnerability that allows unauthorized attackers to induce errors within DRAM cells. To prevent fault injections from escalating to successful attacks, a widely accepted mitigation is implementing fault checks on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Kemal Derya , M. Caner Tol , Berk Sunar

Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) is pervasive in computer systems. Cell vulnerabilities caused by unintended phenomena (forced retention failure, latency alteration, rowhammer and rowpress) lead to unintended bit flips in memory. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zilong Hu , Hongming Fei , Prosanta Gope , Jack Miskelly , Owen Millwood , Biplab Sikdar

Rowhammer is a serious security problem of contemporary dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) where reads or writes of bits can flip other bits. DRAM manufacturers add mitigations, but don't disclose details, making it difficult for customers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Amir Naseredini , Martin Berger , Matteo Sammartino , Shale Xiong

RowHammer is a vulnerability inside DRAM chips where an attacker repeatedly accesses a DRAM row to flip bits in the nearby rows without directly accessing them. Several studies have found that flipping bits in the address part inside a page…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Keigo Yoshioka , Soramichi Akiyama

Rowhammer is a critical vulnerability in dynamic random access memory (DRAM) that continues to pose a significant threat to various systems. However, we find that conventional load-based attacks are becoming highly ineffective on the most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Weijie Chen , Shan Tang , Yulin Tang , Xiapu Luo , Yinqian Zhang , Weizhong Qiang

RowHammer vulnerabilities pose a significant threat to modern DRAM-based systems, where rapid activation of DRAM rows can induce bit-flips in neighboring rows. To mitigate this, state-of-the-art host-side RowHammer mitigations typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Jeonghyun Woo , Prashant J. Nair

Rowhammer is a hardware-based bug that allows the attacker to modify the data in the memory without accessing it, just repeatedly and frequently accessing (or hammering) physically adjacent memory rows. So that it can break the memory…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-14 Xiaoxuan Lou , Fan Zhang , Zheng Leong Chua , Zhenkai Liang , Yueqiang Cheng , Yajin Zhou

Cloud providers are concerned that Rowhammer poses a potentially critical threat to their servers, yet today they lack a systematic way to test whether the DRAM used in their servers is vulnerable to Rowhammer attacks. This paper presents…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Lucian Cojocar , Jeremie Kim , Minesh Patel , Lillian Tsai , Stefan Saroiu , Alec Wolman , Onur Mutlu

The RowHammer vulnerability in DRAM is a critical threat to system security. To protect against RowHammer, vendors commit to security-through-obscurity: modern DRAM chips rely on undocumented, proprietary, on-die mitigations, commonly known…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Hasan Hassan , Yahya Can Tugrul , Jeremie S. Kim , Victor van der Veen , Kaveh Razavi , Onur Mutlu

The Rowhammer bug allows unauthorized modification of bits in DRAM cells from unprivileged software, enabling powerful privilege-escalation attacks. Sophisticated Rowhammer countermeasures have been presented, aiming at mitigating the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-01 Daniel Gruss , Moritz Lipp , Michael Schwarz , Daniel Genkin , Jonas Juffinger , Sioli O'Connell , Wolfgang Schoechl , Yuval Yarom

Increasing storage density exacerbates DRAM read disturbance, a circuit-level vulnerability exploited by system-level attacks. Unfortunately, existing defenses are either ineffective or prohibitively expensive. Efficient mitigation is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Abdullah Giray Yağlıkçı

This paper challenges the existing victim-focused counter-based RowHammer detection mechanisms by experimentally demonstrating a novel multi-sided fault injection attack technique called Threshold Breaker. This mechanism can effectively…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Ranyang Zhou , Jacqueline Liu , Sabbir Ahmed , Nakul Kochar , Adnan Siraj Rakin , Shaahin Angizi