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The emergence of quantum technologies is heating up the debate on quantum supremacy, usually focusing on the feasibility of looking good on paper algorithms in realistic settings, due to the vulnerability of quantum systems to myriad…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-21 Sinan Bugu , Fatih Ozaydin , Tetsuo Kodera

We examine the advantages that quantum strategies afford in communication-limited games. Inspired by the card game blackjack, we focus on cooperative, two-party sequential games in which a single classical bit of communication is allowed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-30 Joseph X. Lin , Joseph A. Formaggio , Aram W. Harrow , Anand V. Natarajan

We study various types of multipartite states lying near the quantum-classical boundary. The class of so-called classical states are precisely those in which each party can perform a projective measurement to identify a locally held state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-18 Lin Chen , Eric Chitambar , Kavan Modi , Giovanni Vacanti

Recent technological advancements show promise in leveraging quantum mechanical phenomena for computation. This brings substantial speed-ups to problems that are once considered to be intractable in the classical world. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Shaowen Li , Yusuke Kimura , Hiroyuki Sato , Junwei Yu , Masahiro Fujita

Can revealing one's competitive capabilities to an opponent offer strategic benefits? In this paper, we address this question in the context of General Lotto games, a class of two-player competitive resource allocation models. We consider…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Keith Paarporn , Philip N. Brown

This paper studies a new class of linear-quadratic mean field games and teams problem, where the large-population system satisfies a class of $N$ weakly coupled linear backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs), and $z_i$ (a part of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-10 Yu Si , Jingtao Shi

We introduce Robust Multi-Objective Decoding (RMOD), a novel inference-time algorithm that robustly aligns Large Language Models (LLMs) to multiple human objectives (e.g., instruction-following, helpfulness, safety) by maximizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Seongho Son , William Bankes , Sangwoong Yoon , Shyam Sundhar Ramesh , Xiaohang Tang , Ilija Bogunovic

This paper is about a set-based computing method for solving a general class of two-player zero-sum Stackelberg differential games. We assume that the game is modeled by a set of coupled nonlinear differential equations, which can be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-10 Xuhui Feng , Mario E. Villanueva , Boris Houska

Nonlocal quantum games provide proof of principle that quantum resources can confer advantage at certain tasks. They also provide a compelling way to explore the computational utility of phases of matter on quantum hardware. In a recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-20 Oliver Hart , David T. Stephen , Dominic J. Williamson , Rahul Nandkishore

We prove that any perfect quantum strategy for the two-prover game encoding a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) can be simulated via a perfect classical strategy with an extra classical communication channel, whose size depends only on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Demian Banakh , Lorenzo Ciardo , Marcin Kozik , Jan Tułowiecki

Independent samples from an unknown probability distribution $\bf p$ on a domain of size $k$ are distributed across $n$ players, with each player holding one sample. Each player can communicate $\ell$ bits to a central referee in a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Jayadev Acharya , Clément L. Canonne , Himanshu Tyagi

In [1], it is shown that the simultaneous identification capacity region for the discrete, memoryless, classical-quantum multiple access channel is equal to the transmission capacity region for codes using a deterministic encoding scheme.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-11 Stephen Diadamo , Holger Boche

Motivated by non-local games and quantum coloring problems, we introduce a graph homomorphism game between quantum graphs and classical graphs. This game is naturally cast as a "quantum-classical game"--that is, a non-local game of two…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Michael Brannan , Priyanga Ganesan , Samuel J. Harris

We study turn-based stochastic zero-sum games with lexicographic preferences over reachability and safety objectives. Stochastic games are standard models in control, verification, and synthesis of stochastic reactive systems that exhibit…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Joost-Pieter Katoen , Maximilian Weininger , Tobias Winkler

We consider distributed optimization under communication constraints for training deep learning models. We propose a new algorithm, whose parameter updates rely on two forces: a regular gradient step, and a corrective direction dictated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Yunfei Teng , Wenbo Gao , Francois Chalus , Anna Choromanska , Donald Goldfarb , Adrian Weller

We consider a two-player zero-sum stochastic differential game in which one of the players has a private information on the game. Both players observe each other, so that the non-informed player can try to guess his missing information. Our…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-06-15 Christine Grün

Stochastic games combine controllable and adversarial non-determinism with stochastic behavior and are a common tool in control, verification and synthesis of reactive systems facing uncertainty. Multi-objective stochastic games are natural…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Tobias Winkler , Maximilian Weininger

Stochastic games combine controllable and adversarial non-determinism with stochastic behavior and are a common tool in control, verification and synthesis of reactive systems facing uncertainty. Multi-objective stochastic games are natural…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Tobias Winkler , Maximilian Weininger

We introduce the stochastic Network-Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma (NIPD) model, a network of players playing the Prisoner's Dilemma with their neighbours, each with a memory-one strategy which they constantly and locally update to improve…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-11-30 Martín Soto Quintanilla

The problem of distributed identification of linear stochastic system with unknown coefficients over time-varying networks is considered. For estimating the unknown coefficients, each agent in the network can only access the input and the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-04 Kewei Fu , Han-Fu Chen , Wenxiao Zhao