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Subgraph matching is the problem of finding all the occurrences of a small graph, called the query, in a larger graph, called the target. Although the problem has been widely studied in simple graphs, few solutions have been proposed for…

A graph $G$ with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $E(G)$ is said to be word-representable if there exists a word $w$ over the alphabet $V(G)$ such that, for any two distinct letters $x,y \in V(G)$, the letters $x$ and $y$ alternate in $w$ if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Eshwar Srinivasan , Ramesh Hariharasubramanian

A word-representable graph is a simple graph $G$ which can be represented by a word $w$ over the vertices of $G$ such that any two vertices are adjacent in $G$ if and only if they alternate in $w$. It is known that the class of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Khyodeno Mozhui , K. V. Krishna

The meanings and relationships of words shift over time. This phenomenon is referred to as semantic shift. Research focused on understanding how semantic shifts occur over multiple time periods is essential for gaining a detailed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Hajime Kiyama , Taichi Aida , Mamoru Komachi , Toshinobu Ogiso , Hiroya Takamura , Daichi Mochihashi

Graph vertex embeddings based on random walks have become increasingly influential in recent years, showing good performance in several tasks as they efficiently transform a graph into a more computationally digestible format while…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-22 Dominik Kloepfer , Angelica I. Aviles-Rivero , Daniel Heydecker

We propose a general method performed over multivalued decision diagrams that enumerates all subgraphs of an input graph that are characterized by input forbidden induced subgraphs. Our method combines elaborations of classical set…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Jun Kawahara , Toshiki Saitoh , Hirofumi Suzuki , Ryo Yoshinaka

We consider two notions describing how one finite graph may be larger than another. Using them, we prove several theorems for such pairs that compare the number of spanning trees, the return probabilities of random walks, and the number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-10 Russell Lyons

The avoidability, or unavoidability of patterns in words over finite alphabets has been studied extensively. A word (pattern) over a finite set is said to be unavoidable if, for all but finitely many words, there exists a morphism mapping…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Paul Sauer

Given a finite directed graph, a coloring of its edges turns the graph into a finite-state automaton. A k-synchronizing word of a deterministic automaton is a word in the alphabet of colors at its edges that maps the state set of the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-16 A. N. Trahtman

In this article we consider transient random walks on HNN extensions of finitely generated groups. We prove that the rate of escape w.r.t. some generalised word length exists. Moreover, a central limit theorem with respect to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Lorenz A. Gilch

We consider random walks on the set of all words over a finite alphabet such that in each step only the last two letters of the current word may be modified and only one letter may be adjoined or deleted. We assume that the transition…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-07-16 Lorenz A. Gilch

We consider shift spaces in which elements of the alphabet may overlap nontransitively. We define a notion of entropy for such spaces, give several techniques for computing lower bounds for it, and show that it is equal to a limit of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-11-16 Fabio Drucker , David Richeson , Jim Wiseman

Word-representable graphs are a subset of graphs that may be represented by a word $w$ over an alphabet composed of the vertices in the graph. In such graphs, an edge exists if and only if the occurrences of the corresponding vertices…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Duncan Adamson

We define the Uniform Random Walk (URW) on a connected, locally finite graph as the weak limit of the uniform walk of length $n$ starting at a fixed vertex. When the limit exists, it is necessarily Markovian and is independent of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-11 Miklos Abert , Adam Arras , Jaelin Kim

Traditionally, graph algorithms get a single graph as input, and then they should decide if this graph satisfies a certain property $\Phi$. What happens if this question is modified in a way that we get a possibly infinite family of graphs…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Volker Diekert , Henning Fernau , Petra Wolf

Directed covers of finite graphs are also known as periodic trees or trees with finitely many cone types. We expand the existing theory of directed covers of finite graphs to those of infinite graphs. While the lower growth rate still…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-10-05 Lorenz A. Gilch , Sebastian Müller

Let $G,H$ be two countable amenable groups. We introduce the notion of group charts, which gives us a tool to embed an arbitrary $H$-subshift into a $G$-subshift. Using an entropy addition formula derived from this formalism we prove that…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Sebastián Barbieri

We address the correspondence search problem among multiple graphs with complex properties while considering the matching consistency. We describe each pair of graphs by combining multiple attributes, then jointly match them in a unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Han-Mu Park , Kuk-Jin Yoon

In the course of classifying the homogeneous permutations, Cameron introduced the viewpoint of permutations as structures in a language of two linear orders, and this structural viewpoint is taken up here. The majority of this thesis is…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-05-14 Samuel Braunfeld

Subshifts of deterministic substitutions are ubiquitous objects in dynamical systems and aperiodic order (the mathematical theory of quasicrystals). Two of their most striking features are that they have low complexity (zero topological…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Philipp Gohlke , Andrew Mitchell , Dan Rust , Tony Samuel