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Data augmentation techniques play an important role in enhancing the performance of deep learning models. Despite their proven benefits in computer vision tasks, their application in the other domains remains limited. This paper proposes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Yousef El-Laham , Elizabeth Fons , Dillon Daudert , Svitlana Vyetrenko

Segmenting tumors in histological images is vital for cancer diagnosis. While fully supervised models excel with pixel-level annotations, creating such annotations is labor-intensive and costly. Accurate histopathology image segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yinsheng He , Xingyu Li , Roger J. Zemp

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) and transformers are increasingly popular in histopathology Whole Slide Image (WSI) classification. However, unlike human pathologists who selectively observe specific regions of histopathology tissues under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Conghao Xiong , Hao Chen , Joseph J. Y. Sung , Irwin King

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) has demonstrated promise in Whole Slide Image (WSI) classification. However, a major challenge persists due to the high computational cost associated with processing these gigapixel images. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Hongyi Wang , Luyang Luo , Fang Wang , Ruofeng Tong , Yen-Wei Chen , Hongjie Hu , Lanfen Lin , Hao Chen

In the last years, the weakly supervised paradigm of multiple instance learning (MIL) has become very popular in many different areas. A paradigmatic example is computational pathology, where the lack of patch-level labels for whole-slide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Pablo Morales-Álvarez , Arne Schmidt , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Rafael Molina

The effective management of brain tumors relies on precise typing, subtyping, and grading. This study advances patient care with findings from rigorous multiple instance learning experimentations across various feature extractors and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Ekansh Chauhan , Amit Sharma , Megha S Uppin , C. V. Jawahar , P. K. Vinod

Whole-slide image (WSI) classification is a challenging task because 1) patches from WSI lack annotation, and 2) WSI possesses unnecessary variability, e.g., stain protocol. Recently, Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL) has made significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Joohyung Lee , Heejeong Nam , Kwanhyung Lee , Sangchul Hahn

Due to the constraints of the imaging device and high cost in operation time, computer tomography (CT) scans are usually acquired with low intra-slice resolution. Improving the intra-slice resolution is beneficial to the disease diagnosis…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-13 Chaowei Fang , Liang Wang , Dingwen Zhang , Jun Xu , Yixuan Yuan , Junwei Han

Multiple instance learning (MIL) models have achieved remarkable success in analyzing whole slide images (WSIs) for disease classification problems. However, with regard to gigapixel WSI classification problems, current MIL models are often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Ziyu Su , Mostafa Rezapour , Usama Sajjad , Metin Nafi Gurcan , Muhammad Khalid Khan Niazi

Whole slide images (WSIs) are the gold standard for pathological diagnosis and sub-typing. Current main-stream two-step frameworks employ offline feature encoders trained without domain-specific knowledge. Among them, attention-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Mingrui Ma , Chentao Li , Pan Huang , Jing Qin

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a frequent type of adult nephrotic syndrome, which has a high clinical incidence and can cause various complications. In the biopsy microscope slide of membranous nephropathy, spikelike projections on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Yilin Chen , Ming Li , Yongfei Wu , Xueyu Liu , Fang Hao , Daoxiang Zhou , Xiaoshuang Zhou , Chen Wang

The deep neural network is a research hotspot for histopathological image analysis, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis for pathologists or be used for disease screening. The whole slide pathological image can reach…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-09 Tingting Zheng , Weixing chen , Shuqin Li , Hao Quan , Qun Bai , Tianhang Nan , Song Zheng , Xinghua Gao , Yue Zhao , Xiaoyu Cui

Image clustering is a particularly challenging computer vision task, which aims to generate annotations without human supervision. Recent advances focus on the use of self-supervised learning strategies in image clustering, by first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Foivos Ntelemis , Yaochu Jin , Spencer A. Thomas

Deep learning classifiers for characterization of whole slide tissue morphology require large volumes of annotated data to learn variations across different tissue and cancer types. As is well known, manual generation of digital pathology…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-10 Shahira Abousamra , Le Hou , Rajarsi Gupta , Chao Chen , Dimitris Samaras , Tahsin Kurc , Rebecca Batiste , Tianhao Zhao , Shroyer Kenneth , Joel Saltz

Weakly supervised instance labeling using only image-level labels, in lieu of expensive fine-grained pixel annotations, is crucial in several applications including medical image analysis. In contrast to conventional instance segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Satyananda Kashyap , Alexandros Karagyris

Histology review is often used as the `gold standard' for disease diagnosis. Computer aided diagnosis tools can potentially help improve current pathology workflows by reducing examination time and interobserver variability. Previous work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Jiayun Li , Wenyuan Li , Arkadiusz Gertych , Beatrice S. Knudsen , William Speier , Corey W. Arnold

Instance-level image classification tasks have traditionally relied on single-instance labels to train models, e.g., few-shot learning and transfer learning. However, set-level coarse-grained labels that capture relationships among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Renyu Zhang , Aly A. Khan , Yuxin Chen , Robert L. Grossman

Cancer diagnosis has greatly benefited from the integration of whole-slide images (WSIs) with multiple instance learning (MIL), enabling high-resolution analysis of tissue morphology. Graph-based MIL (GNN-MIL) approaches have emerged as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jongwoo Kim , Bryan Wong , Huazhu Fu , Willmer Rafell Quiñones , Youngsin Ko , Mun Yong Yi

In computational pathology, multiple instance learning (MIL) is widely used to circumvent the computational impasse in giga-pixel whole slide image (WSI) analysis. It usually consists of two stages: patch-level feature extraction and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-21 Beidi Zhao , Wenlong Deng , Zi Han , Li , Chen Zhou , Zuhua Gao , Gang Wang , Xiaoxiao Li

Current approaches for classification of whole slide images (WSI) in digital pathology predominantly utilize a two-stage learning pipeline. The first stage identifies areas of interest (e.g. tumor tissue), while the second stage processes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Marvin Teichmann , Andre Aichert , Hanibal Bohnenberger , Philipp Ströbel , Tobias Heimann