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Lithium-ion batteries exhibit complex nonlinear dynamics, resulting from diffusion and phase transformations coupled to ion intercalation reactions. Using the recently developed Cahn-Hilliard reaction (CHR) theory, we investigate a simple…
We investigate the optimal charging processes for several models of quantum batteries, finding how to maximize the energy stored in a given battery with a finite-time modulation of a set of external fields. We approach the problem using…
The use of liquid metal batteries is considered as one promising option for electric grid stabilisation. While large versions of such batteries are preferred in view of the economies of scale, they are susceptible to various…
For a circuit made of thermodynamic devices in stationary nonequilibrium, we determine the mean currents (of energy, matter, charge, etc) exchanged with external reservoirs driving the circuit out of equilibrium. Starting from the…
Tandem solar cells are at the forefront of extending the efficiency limits of solar cell technology. Among two-terminal tandems, current-matched (CM) tandem solar cells are of particular interest, owing to their relative ease of…
In metropolitan areas populated with commercial buildings, electric power supply is stringent especially during business hours. Demand side management using battery is a promising solution to mitigate peak demands, however long payback time…
Within quantum thermodynamics, many tasks are modelled by processes that require work sources represented by out-of-equilibrium quantum systems, often dubbed quantum batteries, in which work can be deposited or from which work can be…
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have found wide applications in a variety of fields such as electrified transportation, stationary storage and portable electronics devices. A battery management system (BMS) is critical to ensure the…
This paper proposes a dynamic valuation framework to determine the opportunity value of battery capacity degradation in grid applications based on the internal degradation mechanism and utilization scenarios. The proposed framework follows…
Magnetohydrodynamically induced interface instability in liquid metal batteries is analyzed. The batteries are represented by a simplified system in the form of a rectangular cell, in which strong vertical electric current flows through…
This paper proposes the linearized physics-based model of a lithium-ion battery that can be incorporated into the optimization framework for power system economic studies. The proposed model is a linear approximation of the single particle…
We study a quantum battery (QB) model composed of two atoms, where the charger and battery elements are coupled to a multimode vacuum field that serves as a mediator for energy transfer. Different figures of merit such as ergotropy,…
The two-band Hubbard model is used to analyze a possibility of a non-uniform charge distribution in a strongly correlated electron system with two types of charge carriers. It is demonstrated that in the limit of strong on-site Coulomb…
Dynamically reconfigurable batteries merge battery management with output formation in ac and dc batteries, increasing the available charge, power, and life time. However, the combined ripple generated by the load and the internal…
We present a coupled continuum formulation for the electrostatic, chemical, thermal and mechanical processes in battery materials. Our treatment applies on the macroscopic scale, at which electrodes can be modelled as porous materials made…
We study the charging process of open quantum batteries mediated by a common dissipative environment in two different scenarios. In the first case, we consider a quantum charger-battery model in the presence of a non-Markovian environment.…
Batteries are nonlinear dynamical systems that can be modeled by Porous Electrode Theory models. The aim of optimal fast charging is to reduce the charging time while keeping battery degradation low. Most past studies assume that model…
A parallel plate capacitor containing an electrolytic solution is the simplest model of a supercapacitor, or electric double layer capacitor. Using both analytical and numerical techniques, we solve the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations for…
We propose a multiscale model predictive control (MPC) framework for stationary battery systems that exploits high-fidelity models to trade-off short-term economic incentives provided by energy and frequency regulation (FR) markets and…
The work done by a parallel plate capacitor is evaluated when the plate separation is changed. Two cases are considered: 1) the capacitor has a constant charge; 2) the capacitor is at constant voltage. The net work is calculated when the…