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The Brans-Dicke-like field of scalar-tensor gravity can be described as an imperfect fluid in an approach in which the field equations are regarded as effective Einstein equations. After completing this approach we recover, as a special…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-17 Valerio Faraoni , Jeremy Coté

In this review we briefly summarize the so-called effective fluid approach, which is a compact framework that can be used to describe a plethora of different modified gravity models as general relativity (GR) and a dark energy (DE) fluid.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-03 Savvas Nesseris

We revisit the thermodynamic description of fluid, represented by scalar field in scalar-tensor gravity theory through a general approach to study the thermodynamics of relativistic fluids. In order to identify the fluid energy-momentum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-16 Abhinove Nagarajan Seenivasan , Sayan Chakrabarti , Bibhas Ranjan Majhi

We review analytical solutions of the Einstein equations which are expressed in terms of elementary functions and describe Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker universes sourced by multiple (real or effective) perfect fluids with constant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-15 Valerio Faraoni , Sonia Jose , Steve Dussault

Out of several possible extensions of general relativity, the scalar-tensor theory is the most popular for several reasons. Since the quantum description of gravity is yet to be formulated properly, the understanding of a gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-12 Krishnakanta Bhattacharya , Bibhas Ranjan Majhi

We discuss and expand a new approach to the thermodynamics of scalar-tensor gravity and its diffusion toward general relativity (seen as an equilibrium state) proposed in a previous Letter [Phys. Rev. D 103, L121501 (2021)], upon which we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-05 Valerio Faraoni , Andrea Giusti , Andrea Mentrelli

Effective field theory provides a way of parameterizing strong-field deviations from General Relativity that might be observable in the gravitational waves emitted in a black hole merger. To perform numerical simulations of mergers in such…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-01 Aron D. Kovacs , Harvey S. Reall

We revisit the analogy between a minimally coupled scalar field in general relativity and a perfect fluid, correcting previous identifications of effective temperature and chemical potential. This provides a useful complementary picture for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-01 Valerio Faraoni , Serena Giardino , Andrea Giusti , Robert Vanderwee

n scalar-tensor theories of gravity with torsion, the gravitational field is described in terms of a symmetric metric tensor $g$, a metric-compatible connection $\nabla$ with torsion, and a scalar field $\phi$. The main aim is to explore an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-15 Chih-Hung Wang

An internal energy function of the mass density, the volumetric entropy and their gradients at n-order generates the representation of multi-gradient fluids. Thanks to Hamilton's principle, we obtain a thermodynamical form of the equation…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-03-19 Henri Gouin

We investigate, in the framework of a recently introduced new class of invariant geometrical scalar-tensor theory of gravity, the possibility that a viscous dark fluid can be described in a unified manner by a single scalar field. Thus we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-03 José Edgar Madriz Aguilar , A. Gil-Ocaranza , M. Montes , J. Zamarripa

Analogue gravity offers an approach for testing the universality and robustness of quantum field theories in curved spacetimes and validating them using down-to-earth, laboratory-based experiments. Fluid interfaces are a promising framework…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-27 Vitor S. Barroso , Cameron R. D. Bunney , Silke Weinfurtner

This paper introduces Tensor Gauge Flow Models, a new class of Generative Flow Models that generalize Gauge Flow Models and Higher Gauge Flow Models by incorporating higher-order Tensor Gauge Fields into the Flow Equation. This extension…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Alexander Strunk , Roland Assam

We develop an effective field theory for dissipative fluids which governs the dynamics of long-lived gapless modes associated with conserved quantities. The resulting theory gives a path integral formulation of fluctuating hydrodynamics…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-01-30 Michael Crossley , Paolo Glorioso , Hong Liu

We study the effective Lagrangian, at leading order in derivatives, that describes the propagation of density and metric fluctuations in a fluid composed by an arbitrary number of interacting components. Our results can be applied to any…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-06-05 Guillermo Ballesteros , Brando Bellazzini , Lorenzo Mercolli

Semiclassical stochastic gravity is aimed at studying extended structure formation in the early universe. Rigorous developments in this area include the semiclassical noise and dissipation kernels which are obtained in terms of quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-17 Seema Satin

We propose an effective anisotropic fluid description for a generic infrared-modified theory of gravity. In our framework, the additional component of the acceleration, commonly attributed to dark matter, is explained as a radial pressure…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-06 Mariano Cadoni , Roberto Casadio , Andrea Giusti , Wolfgang Mück , Matteo Tuveri

We develop the effective field theory approach to torsional modified gravities, a formalism that allows for the systematic investigation of the background and perturbation levels separately. Starting from the usual effective field theory…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-03 Chunlong Li , Yong Cai , Yi-Fu Cai , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

A system with a one-form global symmetry at finite temperature can be viewed as a dissipative fluid of string-like objects. In this work, we classify and construct the most general effective field theories for hydrodynamics of such string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-27 Shreya Vardhan , Sašo Grozdanov , Samuel Leutheusser , Hong Liu

We show that a micropolar fluid model successfully describes collisional granular flows on a slope. A micropolar fluid is the fluid with internal structures in which coupling between the spin of each particle and the macroscopic velocity…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Namiko Mitarai , Hisao Hayakawa , Hiizu Nakanishi
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