English

Multi-fluid cosmology in Einstein gravity: analytical solutions

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2021-12-15 v2 Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Theory

Abstract

We review analytical solutions of the Einstein equations which are expressed in terms of elementary functions and describe Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker universes sourced by multiple (real or effective) perfect fluids with constant equations of state. Effective fluids include spatial curvature, the cosmological constant, and scalar fields. We provide a description with unified notation, explicit and parametric forms of the solutions, and relations between different expressions present in the literature. Interesting solutions from a modern point of view include interacting fluids and scalar fields. Old solutions, integrability conditions, and solution methods keep being rediscovered, which motivates a review with modern eyes.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2107.12488,
  title  = {Multi-fluid cosmology in Einstein gravity: analytical solutions},
  author = {Valerio Faraoni and Sonia Jose and Steve Dussault},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.12488},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

Bibliography expanded and typographical errors corrected. Matches the version to appear in Gen. Relativ. Gravit

R2 v1 2026-06-24T04:32:41.112Z