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Distribution shifts on graphs -- the data distribution discrepancies between training and testing a graph machine learning model, are often ubiquitous and unavoidable in real-world scenarios. Such shifts may severely deteriorate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Shuhan Liu , Kaize Ding

Data augmentation helps neural networks generalize better by enlarging the training set, but it remains an open question how to effectively augment graph data to enhance the performance of GNNs (Graph Neural Networks). While most existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Kezhi Kong , Guohao Li , Mucong Ding , Zuxuan Wu , Chen Zhu , Bernard Ghanem , Gavin Taylor , Tom Goldstein

Machine learning systems may encounter unexpected problems when the data distribution changes in the deployment environment. A major reason is that certain combinations of domains and labels are not observed during training but appear in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Yivan Zhang , Jindong Wang , Xing Xie , Masashi Sugiyama

Designing learning systems which are invariant to certain data transformations is critical in machine learning. Practitioners can typically enforce a desired invariance on the trained model through the choice of a network architecture, e.g.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Cédric Rommel , Thomas Moreau , Alexandre Gramfort

Covariate adjustment is one method of causal effect identification in non-experimental settings. Prior research provides routes for finding appropriate adjustments sets, but much of this research assumes knowledge of the underlying causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-04 Sara LaPlante , Sofia Triantafillou , Emilija Perković

This paper introduces a new framework for recovering causal graphs from observational data, leveraging the observation that the distribution of an effect, conditioned on its causes, remains invariant to changes in the prior distribution of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nang Hung Nguyen , Phi Le Nguyen , Thao Nguyen Truong , Trong Nghia Hoang , Masashi Sugiyama

Graph neural networks, a powerful deep learning tool to model graph-structured data, have demonstrated remarkable performance on numerous graph learning tasks. To address the data noise and data scarcity issues in deep graph learning, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Kaize Ding , Zhe Xu , Hanghang Tong , Huan Liu

Computer vision has flourished in recent years thanks to Deep Learning advancements, fast and scalable hardware solutions and large availability of structured image data. Convolutional Neural Networks trained on supervised tasks with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Antono D'Innocente

A basic, and still largely unanswered, question in the context of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) is whether they are truly able to capture all the fundamental characteristics of the distributions they are trained on. In particular,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Shibani Santurkar , Ludwig Schmidt , Aleksander Mądry

To address the problem of data inconsistencies among different facial expression recognition (FER) datasets, many cross-domain FER methods (CD-FERs) have been extensively devised in recent years. Although each declares to achieve superior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Tianshui Chen , Tao Pu , Hefeng Wu , Yuan Xie , Lingbo Liu , Liang Lin

A common assumption in semi-supervised learning with graph models is that the class label function varies smoothly on the data graph, resulting in the rather strict prior that the label function has low-frequency content. Meanwhile, in many…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-05 Mehmet Pilanci , Elif Vural

Scaling laws dictate that the performance of AI models is proportional to the amount of available data. Data augmentation is a promising solution to expanding the dataset size. Traditional approaches focused on augmentation using rotation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Fazle Rahat , M Shifat Hossain , Md Rubel Ahmed , Sumit Kumar Jha , Rickard Ewetz

Simple data augmentation techniques, such as rotations and flips, are widely used to enhance the generalization power of computer vision models. However, these techniques often fail to modify high-level semantic attributes of a class. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Tobias Lingenberg , Markus Reuter , Gopika Sudhakaran , Dominik Gojny , Stefan Roth , Simone Schaub-Meyer

This study introduces a novel data augmentation technique, ADLDA, aimed at mitigating the negative impact of data distribution shifts caused by the data augmentation process in computer vision task. ADLDA partitions augmented data into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Haonan Wang

Graph Transformers (GTs) have demonstrated great effectiveness across various graph analytical tasks. However, the existing GTs focus on training and testing graph data originated from the same distribution, but fail to generalize under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Tianyin Liao , Ziwei Zhang , Yufei Sun , Chunyu Hu , Jianxin Li

The existing methods learn geographic network representations through deep graph neural networks (GNNs) based on the i.i.d. assumption. However, the spatial heterogeneity and temporal dynamics of geographic data make the out-of-distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Yuhan Wang , Silu He , Qinyao Luo , Hongyuan Yuan , Ling Zhao , Jiawei Zhu , Haifeng Li

Current methods for covariate-shift adaptation use unlabelled data to compute importance weights or domain-invariant features, while the final model is trained on labelled data only. Here, we consider a particular case of covariate shift…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-28 Julius von Kügelgen , Alexander Mey , Marco Loog

Most existing studies on unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) assume that each domain's training samples come with domain labels (e.g., painting, photo). Samples from each domain are assumed to follow the same distribution and the domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Zhongying Deng , Kaiyang Zhou , Da Li , Junjun He , Yi-Zhe Song , Tao Xiang

Graph Neural Network (GNNs) based methods have recently become a popular tool to deal with graph data because of their ability to incorporate structural information. The only hurdle in the performance of GNNs is the lack of labeled data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Maria Marrium , Arif Mahmood

Covariate-shift generalization, a typical case in out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization, requires a good performance on the unknown test distribution, which varies from the accessible training distribution in the form of covariate shift.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Renzhe Xu , Xingxuan Zhang , Zheyan Shen , Tong Zhang , Peng Cui