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This paper presents XLS-R, a large-scale model for cross-lingual speech representation learning based on wav2vec 2.0. We train models with up to 2B parameters on nearly half a million hours of publicly available speech audio in 128…
We introduce "Unspeech" embeddings, which are based on unsupervised learning of context feature representations for spoken language. The embeddings were trained on up to 9500 hours of crawled English speech data without transcriptions or…
Recent research in speech processing exhibits a growing interest in unsupervised and self-supervised representation learning from unlabelled data to alleviate the need for large amounts of annotated data. We investigate several popular…
Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a long-standing goal for speech processing, since it utilizes large-scale unlabeled data and avoids extensive human labeling. Recent years witness great successes in applying self-supervised learning in…
Unsupervised representation learning for speech processing has matured greatly in the last few years. Work in computer vision and natural language processing has paved the way, but speech data offers unique challenges. As a result, methods…
Recent work has shown that it is possible to train an $\textit{unsupervised}$ automatic speech recognition (ASR) system using only unpaired audio and text. Existing unsupervised ASR methods assume that no labeled data can be used for…
While many speakers of low-resource languages regularly code-switch between their languages and other regional languages or English, datasets of codeswitched speech are too small to train bespoke acoustic models from scratch or do language…
Speech embeddings are fixed-size acoustic representations of variable-length speech sequences. They are increasingly used for a variety of tasks ranging from information retrieval to unsupervised term discovery and speech segmentation.…
The adoption of advanced deep learning architectures in stuttering detection (SD) tasks is challenging due to the limited size of the available datasets. To this end, this work introduces the application of speech embeddings extracted from…
Recent research has shown that word embedding spaces learned from text corpora of different languages can be aligned without any parallel data supervision. Inspired by the success in unsupervised cross-lingual word embeddings, in this paper…
Automating dysarthria assessments offers the opportunity to develop practical, low-cost tools that address the current limitations of manual and subjective assessments. Nonetheless, the small size of most dysarthria datasets makes it…
With the advance in self-supervised learning for audio and visual modalities, it has become possible to learn a robust audio-visual speech representation. This would be beneficial for improving the audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR)…
Pretrained language model (PLM) hidden states are frequently employed as contextual word embeddings (CWE): high-dimensional representations that encode semantic information given linguistic context. Across many areas of computational…
We present voice2mode, a method for classification of four singing phonation modes (breathy, neutral (modal), flow, and pressed) using embeddings extracted from large self-supervised speech models. Prior work on singing phonation has relied…
In this work, we analyzed and compared speech representations extracted from different frozen self-supervised learning (SSL) speech pre-trained models on their ability to capture articulatory features (AF) information and their subsequent…
Human speech perception is multimodal. In natural speech, lip movements can precede corresponding voicing by a non-negligible gap of 100-300 ms, especially for specific consonants, affecting the time course of neural phonetic encoding in…
Self-supervised learning of speech representations from large amounts of unlabeled data has enabled state-of-the-art results in several speech processing tasks. Aggregating these speech representations across time is typically approached by…
Active learning has been shown to be an effective way to alleviate some of the effort required in utilising large collections of unlabelled data for machine learning tasks without needing to fully label them. The representation mechanism…
Self-supervised speech representation learning has recently been a prosperous research topic. Many algorithms have been proposed for learning useful representations from large-scale unlabeled data, and their applications to a wide range of…
The human perception system is often assumed to recruit motor knowledge when processing auditory speech inputs. Using articulatory modeling and deep learning, this study examines how this articulatory information can be used for discovering…