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Related papers: Mitigating Health Disparities in EHR via Deconfoun…

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The adoption of diagnosis and prognostic algorithms in healthcare has led to concerns about the perpetuation of bias against disadvantaged groups of individuals. Deep learning methods to detect and mitigate bias have revolved around…

The use of machine learning systems to support decision making in healthcare raises questions as to what extent these systems may introduce or exacerbate disparities in care for historically underrepresented and mistreated groups, due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Stephen Pfohl , Tony Duan , Daisy Yi Ding , Nigam H. Shah

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems in healthcare have demonstrated remarkable potential to improve patient outcomes. However, if not designed with fairness in mind, they also carry the risks of perpetuating or exacerbating existing health…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Xiaoyang Wang , Christopher C. Yang

The combination of electronic health records (EHR) and medical images is crucial for clinicians in making diagnoses and forecasting prognosis. Strategically fusing these two data modalities has great potential to improve the accuracy of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-24 Wenfang Yao , Kejing Yin , William K. Cheung , Jia Liu , Jing Qin

Recent causal inference literature has introduced causal effect decompositions to quantify sources of observed inequalities or disparities in outcomes, but these approaches are typically limited to pairwise comparisons. In healthcare…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-27 Lin Yu , Zhihui Liu , Kathy Han , Olli Saarela

Biases in automated clinical decision-making using Electronic Healthcare Records (EHR) impose significant disparities in patient care and treatment outcomes. Conventional approaches have primarily focused on bias mitigation strategies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Resmi Ramachandranpillai , Kishore Sampath , Ayaazuddin Mohammad , Malihe Alikhani

Causal decomposition analysis provides a way to identify mediators that contribute to health disparities between marginalized and non-marginalized groups. In particular, the degree to which a disparity would be reduced or remain after…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-16 Soojin Park , Suyeon Kang , Chioun Lee

Evaluating the clinical similarities between pairwise patients is a fundamental problem in healthcare informatics. A proper patient similarity measure enables various downstream applications, such as cohort study and treatment comparative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-12 Zihao Zhu , Changchang Yin , Buyue Qian , Yu Cheng , Jishang Wei , Fei Wang

Recent advancements in deep learning have shown transformative potential in medical imaging, yet concerns about fairness persist due to performance disparities across demographic subgroups. Existing methods aim to address these biases by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yicheng Gao , Jinkui Hao , Bo Zhou

Objectives: Leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) in conjunction with electronic health records (EHRs) holds transformative potential to improve healthcare. Yet, addressing bias in AI, which risks worsening healthcare disparities, cannot…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Feng Chen , Liqin Wang , Julie Hong , Jiaqi Jiang , Li Zhou

In this paper, we study the problem of fair classification in the presence of prior probability shifts, where the training set distribution differs from the test set. This phenomenon can be observed in the yearly records of several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Arpita Biswas , Suvam Mukherjee

Deriving disease subtypes from electronic health records (EHRs) can guide next-generation personalized medicine. However, challenges in summarizing and representing patient data prevent widespread practice of scalable EHR-based…

Integrating heterogeneous datasets across different measurement platforms is a fundamental challenge in many scientific applications. A common example arises in deconvolution problems, such as cell type deconvolution, where one aims to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-30 Dongyue Xie , Lin Gui , Jingshu Wang

The problem of fair classification can be mollified if we develop a method to remove the embedded sensitive information from the classification features. This line of separating the sensitive information is developed through the causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Hyemi Kim , Seungjae Shin , JoonHo Jang , Kyungwoo Song , Weonyoung Joo , Wanmo Kang , Il-Chul Moon

Electronic health record (EHR) systems contain a wealth of multimodal clinical data including structured data like clinical codes and unstructured data such as clinical notes. However, many existing EHR-focused studies has traditionally…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-20 Tianxi Cai , Feiqing Huang , Ryumei Nakada , Linjun Zhang , Doudou Zhou

The comparison of different medical treatments from observational studies or across different clinical studies is often biased by confounding factors such as systematic differences in patient demographics or in the inclusion criteria for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-15 Ekkehard Glimm , Lillian Yau

Accurate and robust prediction of patient's response to drug treatments is critical for developing precision medicine. However, it is often difficult to obtain a sufficient amount of coherent drug response data from patients directly for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Di He , Lei Xie

Data sharing is crucial for open science and reproducible research, but the legal sharing of clinical data requires the removal of protected health information from electronic health records. This process, known as de-identification, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Yuxin Xiao , Shulammite Lim , Tom Joseph Pollard , Marzyeh Ghassemi

With the recent availability of Electronic Health Records (EHR) and great opportunities they offer for advancing medical informatics, there has been growing interest in mining EHR for improving quality of care. Disease diagnosis due to its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Anahita Hosseini , Ting Chen , Wenjun Wu , Yizhou Sun , Majid Sarrafzadeh

Background. A central objective among health researchers across disciplines is to identify modifiable factors that can reduce health disparities. Three common methods--difference-in-coefficients (DIC), Kitagawa-Oaxaca-Blinder (KOB), and…

Applications · Statistics 2025-08-05 Soojin Park , Su Yeon Kim , Chioun Lee