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In this note, we find a sharp bound for the minimal number (or in general, indexing set) of subspaces of a fixed (finite) codimension needed to cover any vector space V over any field. If V is a finite set, this is related to the problem of…
We study a class of complex polynomial equations on a finite graph with a view to understanding how holistic phenomena emerge from combinatorial structure. Particular solutions arise from orthogonal projections of regular polytopes,…
The main purpose of this paper is to show that the mixed Hodge polynomial of the ``space of equations'' for smooth complete intersections of given multidegree in $\mathbb{C} P^n$ is divisible by the mixed Hodge polynomial of the group…
Let $L=\mathbb F_{q^n}$ be a finite field and let $F=\mathbb F_q$ be a subfield of $L$. Consider $L$ as a vector space over $F$ and the associated projective space that is isomorphic to ${\mathrm{PG}}(n-1,q)$. The properties of the…
Let X be a finite set of points in R^n. A polynomial p nonnegative on X can be written as a sum of squares of rational functions modulo the vanishing ideal I(X). From the point of view of applications, such as polynomial optimization, we…
We study the birational properties of geometrically rational surfaces from a derived categorical point of view. In particular, we give a criterion for the rationality of a del Pezzo surface over an arbitrary field, namely, that its derived…
In this paper we introduce the notion of rational Hausdorff divisor, we analyze the dimension and irreducibility of its associated linear system of curves, and we prove that all irreducible real curves belonging to the linear system are…
Given a family of rational curves depending on a real parameter, defined by its parametric equations, we provide an algorithm to compute a finite partition of the parameter space (${\Bbb R}$, in general) so that the shape of the family…
Motivated by a connection with the factorization of multivariate polynomials, we study integral convex polytopes and their integral decompositions in the sense of the Minkowski sum. We first show that deciding decomposability of integral…
We prove that every rational trinomial affine hypersurface admits a horizontal polynomial curve. This result provides an explicit non-trivial polynomial solution to a trinomial equation. Also we show that a trinomial affine hypersurface…
The Newton polygon of the implicit equation of a rational plane curve is explicitly determined by the multiplicities of any of its parametrizations. We give an intersection-theoretical proof of this fact based on a refinement of the…
We study the orthogonal projection of homogeneous polynomials onto the space of homogeneous polyharmonic polynomials. To do this we derive the decomposition of homogeneous polynomials in terms of the Kelvin transform of derivatives of the…
In this article, discrete variants of several results from vector calculus are studied for classical finite difference summation by parts operators in two and three space dimensions. It is shown that existence theorems for scalar/vector…
Given a finite set of vectors spanning a lattice and lying in a halfspace of a real vector space, to each vector $a$ in this vector space one can associate a polytope consisting of nonnegative linear combinations of the vectors in the set…
A determination of the fixed components, base points and irregularity is made for arbitrary numerically effective divisors on any smooth projective rational surface having an effective anticanonical divisor. All of the results are proven…
We apply a symbolic approach of the general quadratic decomposition of polynomial sequences - presented in a previous article referenced herein - to polynomial sequences fulfilling specific orthogonal conditions towards two given…
Smooth vector fields on $\mathbb{R}^n$ can be decomposed into the sum of a gradient vector field and divergence-free (solenoidal) vector field under suitable hypotheses. This is called the Helmholtz-Hodge decomposition (HHD), which has been…
We define a new cutting plane closure for pure integer programs called the two-halfspace closure. It is a natural generalization of the well-known Chv\'atal-Gomory closure. We prove that the two-halfspace closure is polyhedral. We also…
We contribute a new algebraic method for computing the orthogonal projections of a point onto a rational algebraic surface embedded in the three dimensional projective space. This problem is first turned into the computation of the finite…
Geometric modeling by constraints leads to large systems of algebraic equations. This paper studies bipartite graphs underlaid by systems of equations. It shows how these graphs make possible to polynomially decompose these systems into…