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Early results of JWST observations have delivered bright $z\gtrsim 10$ galaxy candidates in greater numbers than expected, enabling construction of the rest-frame UV luminosity functions (LFs). The LFs contain key information on the galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-10-26 Kohei Inayoshi , Yuichi Harikane , Akio K. Inoue , Wenxiu Li , Luis C. Ho

In anticipation of the upcoming deployment of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), we present high-redshift predictions by the well-established Santa Cruz semi-analytic model. We update the models by re-calibrating them after adopting…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-30 L. Y. Aaron Yung , Rachel S. Somerville , Steven L. Finkelstein , Gergö Popping , Romeel Davé

We post-process galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulations with SKIRT radiative transfer calculations to make predictions for the rest-frame near-infrared (NIR) and far-infrared (FIR) properties of galaxies at $z\geq 4$. The rest-frame $K$-…

We study stellar population and structural properties of massive $\log(M_{\star} / M_{\odot}) >11$ galaxies at $z\sim 2.7$ in the Magneticum and IllustrisTNG hydrodynamical simulations and GAEA semi-analytic model. We find stellar mass…

Early observations with JWST indicate an over-abundance of bright galaxies at redshifts $z \gtrsim 10$ relative to Hubble-calibrated model predictions. More puzzling still is the apparent lack of evolution in the abundance of such objects…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-21 Jordan Mirocha , Steven R. Furlanetto

The statistics of thermal gas pressure are a new and promising probe of cosmology and astrophysics. The large-scale cross-correlation between galaxies and the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect gives the bias-weighted mean electron pressure,…

JWST has identified some of the Universe's earliest galaxies, repeatedly pushing the frontier to ever higher redshifts and stellar masses. The presence of such extreme galaxies at such early times, with large stellar populations and high…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-24 Joe McCaffrey , Samantha Hardin , John H. Wise , John A. Regan

Luminous red galaxies (LRGs) and blue star-forming emission-line galaxies (ELGs) are key tracers of large-scale structure used by cosmological surveys. Theoretical predictions for such data are often done via simplistic models for the…

Recent observations of the high-redshift Universe, particularly with JWST, have revealed a population of quenched galaxies that challenges current galaxy formation models, which systematically underpredict their abundance. This discrepancy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-06 Aleyna Döven , Mohammadreza Ayromlou , Cristiano Porciani

The increasing number of distant galaxies observed with ALMA by the ALPINE and REBELS surveys and the early release observations of the JWST promise to revolutionize our understanding of cosmic star formation and the assembly of normal,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-12-19 C. Di Cesare , L. Graziani , R. Schneider , M. Ginolfi , A. Venditti , P. Santini , L. K. Hunt

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will enable observations of galaxies at redshifts z > 10 and hence allow to test our current understanding of structure formation at very early times. Previous work has shown that the very first…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-10 Andreas H. Pawlik , Milos Milosavljevic , Volker Bromm

Recent observations by JWST have uncovered galaxies in the very early universe via the JADES and CEERS surveys. These galaxies have been measured to have very high stellar masses with substantial star formation rates. There are concerns…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-09-29 Joe McCaffrey , Samantha Hardin , John Wise , John Regan

Upcoming large galaxy surveys will subject the standard cosmological model, $\Lambda$CDM, to new precision tests. These can be tightened considerably if theoretical models of galaxy formation are available that can predict galaxy clustering…

Early data from JWST have revealed a bevy of high-redshift galaxy candidates with unexpectedly high stellar masses. An immediate concern is the consistency of these candidates with galaxy formation in the standard cosmological model. In the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-22 Michael Boylan-Kolchin

Galaxy clusters are excellent probes to study the effect of environment on galaxy formation and evolution. Along with high-quality observational data, accurate cosmological simulations are required to improve our understanding of galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-09-15 Syeda Lammim Ahad , Yannick M. Bahé , Henk Hoekstra , Remco F. J. van der Burg , Adam Muzzin

Massive quiescent galaxies have been identified out to $z\sim7$ in early JWST data in a substantial excess ($\rm \gtrsim 1\,dex$ at $z>4$) of number densities from most theoretical predictions. We investigate whether the number densities…

Cosmological simulations of galaxy formation are an invaluable tool for understanding galaxy formation and its impact on cosmological parameter inference from large-scale structure. However, their high computational cost is a significant…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-21 Alexandra Doytcheva , Filomela V. Gerou , Johannes U. Lange

Employing hydrodynamic simulations of structure formation in a LCDM cosmology, we study the history of cosmic star formation from the "dark ages" at redshift z~20 to the present. In addition to gravity and ordinary hydrodynamics, our model…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Volker Springel , Lars Hernquist

We discuss the cold dark matter plus massive neutrinos simulations of the MillenniumTNG (MTNG) project, which aim to improve understanding of how well ongoing and future large-scale galaxy surveys will measure neutrino masses. Our largest…

We employ the very large cosmological hydrodynamical simulation BLUETIDES to investigate the predicted properties of the galaxy population during the epoch of reionisation ($z>8$). BLUETIDES has a resolution and volume ($(400/h\approx…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-21 Stephen M. Wilkins , Yu Feng , Tiziana Di-Matteo , Rupert Croft , Christopher C. Lovell , Dacen Waters