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How can we learn effective node representations on textual graphs? Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) that use Language Models (LMs) to encode textual information of graphs achieve state-of-the-art performance in many node classification tasks.…

Recent years have witnessed great success in handling graph-related tasks with Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Despite their great academic success, Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) remain the primary workhorse for practical industrial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Lirong Wu , Jun Xia , Haitao Lin , Zhangyang Gao , Zicheng Liu , Guojiang Zhao , Stan Z. Li

In recent studies, neural message passing has proved to be an effective way to design graph neural networks (GNNs), which have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many graph-based tasks. However, current neural-message passing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Wentao Zhang , Yu Shen , Zheyu Lin , Yang Li , Xiaosen Li , Wen Ouyang , Yangyu Tao , Zhi Yang , Bin Cui

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have gained considerable attention in recent years for traffic flow prediction due to their ability to learn spatio-temporal pattern representations through a graph-based message-passing framework. Although GNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Qianru Zhang , Xinyi Gao , Haixin Wang , Siu-Ming Yiu , Hongzhi Yin

Integrating the structural inductive biases of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with the global contextual modeling capabilities of Transformers represents a pivotal challenge in graph representation learning. While GNNs excel at capturing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zhihua Duan , Jialin Wang

For large-scale applications, there is growing interest in replacing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with lightweight Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) via knowledge distillation. However, distilling GNNs for self-supervised graph representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Seong Jin Ahn , Myoung-Ho Kim

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are pivotal in graph-based learning, particularly excelling in node classification. However, their scalability is hindered by the need for multi-hop data during inference, limiting their application in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Ziang Zhou , Zhihao Ding , Jieming Shi , Qing Li , Shiqi Shen

While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated their efficacy in dealing with non-Euclidean structural data, they are difficult to be deployed in real applications due to the scalability constraint imposed by multi-hop data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Yijun Tian , Chuxu Zhang , Zhichun Guo , Xiangliang Zhang , Nitesh V. Chawla

Semi-supervised learning on graphs is an important problem in the machine learning area. In recent years, state-of-the-art classification methods based on graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown their superiority over traditional ones such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Cheng Yang , Jiawei Liu , Chuan Shi

Transferring knowledge from a teacher neural network pretrained on the same or a similar task to a student neural network can significantly improve the performance of the student neural network. Existing knowledge transfer approaches match…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Sungsoo Ahn , Shell Xu Hu , Andreas Damianou , Neil D. Lawrence , Zhenwen Dai

To bridge the gaps between topology-aware Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and inference-efficient Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLPs), GLNN proposes to distill knowledge from a well-trained teacher GNN into a student MLP. Despite their great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Lirong Wu , Haitao Lin , Yufei Huang , Stan Z. Li

Recent years have witnessed great success in handling graph-related tasks with Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). Despite their great academic success, Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) remain the primary workhorse for practical industrial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Lirong Wu , Haitao Lin , Zhangyang Gao , Guojiang Zhao , Stan Z. Li

Explicit structural information has been proven to be encoded by Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), serving as auxiliary knowledge to enhance model capabilities and improve performance in downstream NLP tasks. However, recent studies indicate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Li Zhou , Hao Jiang , Junjie Li , Zefeng Zhao , Feng Jiang , Wenyu Chen , Haizhou Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely applied in graph data modeling. However, existing GNNs are often trained in a task-driven manner that fails to fully capture the intrinsic nature of the graph structure, resulting in sub-optimal node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Zhenhua Huang , Kunhao Li , Shaojie Wang , Zhaohong Jia , Wentao Zhu , Sharad Mehrotra

Link prediction is a crucial graph-learning task with applications including citation prediction and product recommendation. Distilling Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) teachers into Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) students has emerged as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Zongyue Qin , Shichang Zhang , Mingxuan Ju , Tong Zhao , Neil Shah , Yizhou Sun

In visual tasks, large teacher models capture essential features and deep information, enhancing performance. However, distilling this information into smaller student models often leads to performance loss due to structural differences and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Zhiwei Wang , Jun Huang , Longhua Ma , Chengyu Wu , Hongyu Ma

Graph neural networks (GNNs), as the de-facto model class for representation learning on graphs, are built upon the multi-layer perceptrons (MLP) architecture with additional message passing layers to allow features to flow across nodes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Chenxiao Yang , Qitian Wu , Jiahua Wang , Junchi Yan

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been widely used to learn vector representation of graph-structured data and achieved better task performance than conventional methods. The foundation of GNNs is the message passing procedure, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Takeshi D. Itoh , Takatomi Kubo , Kazushi Ikeda

To bridge the gaps between powerful Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and lightweight Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLPs), GNN-to-MLP Knowledge Distillation (KD) proposes to distill knowledge from a well-trained teacher GNN into a student MLP. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Lirong Wu , Yunfan Liu , Haitao Lin , Yufei Huang , Stan Z. Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become a dominant approach to learning graph representations, primarily because of their message-passing mechanisms. However, GNNs typically adopt a fixed aggregator function such as Mean, Max, or Sum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Xuanting Xie , Bingheng Li , Erlin Pan , Zhao Kang , Wenyu Chen