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The security of modern vehicles has become increasingly important, with the controller area network (CAN) bus serving as a critical communication backbone for various Electronic Control Units (ECUs). The absence of robust security measures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Stefano Longari , Paolo Cerracchio , Michele Carminati , Stefano Zanero

Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) enhance mobility but face cybersecurity threats, particularly through the insecure Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. Cyberattacks can have devastating consequences in connected vehicles, including…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Muzun Althunayyan , Amir Javed , Omer Rana

Rising connectivity in vehicles is enabling new capabilities like connected autonomous driving and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) for improving the safety and reliability of next-generation vehicles. This increased access to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Shashwat Khandelwal , Shreejith Shanker

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has become an essential component of smart transportation systems, enabling seamless interaction among vehicles and infrastructure. In recent years, it has played a progressively significant role in enhancing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Rakib Hossain Sajib , Md. Rokon Mia , Prodip Kumar Sarker , Abdullah Al Noman , Md Arifur Rahman

The Controller Area Network (CAN) is the most common protocol interconnecting the various control units of modern cars. Its vulnerabilities are somewhat known but we argue they are not yet fully explored -- although the protocol is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Giampaolo Bella , Pietro Biondi

Modern vehicles rely on electronic control units (ECUs) interconnected through the Controller Area Network (CAN), making in-vehicle communication a critical security concern. Machine learning (ML)-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nirab Hossain , Pablo Moriano

Although ubiquitous in modern vehicles, Controller Area Networks (CANs) lack basic security properties and are easily exploitable. A rapidly growing field of CAN security research has emerged that seeks to detect intrusions on CANs.…

Modern power grids are undergoing significant changes driven by information and communication technologies (ICTs), and evolving into smart grids with higher efficiency and lower operation cost. Using ICTs, however, comes with an inevitable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Hanyu Zeng , Pengfei Zhou , Xin Lou , Zhen Wei Ng , David K. Y. Yau , Marianne Winslett

As electronic systems become increasingly complex and prevalent in modern vehicles, securing onboard networks is crucial, particularly as many of these systems are safety-critical. Researchers have demonstrated that modern vehicles are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Chunheng Zhao , Stefano Longari , Michele Carminati , Pierluigi Pisu

Modern vehicles are increasingly vulnerable to attacks that exploit network infrastructures, particularly the Controller Area Network (CAN) networks. To effectively counter such threats using contemporary tools like Intrusion Detection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Sadek Misto Kirdi , Nicola Scarano , Franco Oberti , Luca Mannella , Stefano Di Carlo , Alessandro Savino

Cyber security is one of the most significant challenges in connected vehicular systems and connected vehicles are prone to different cybersecurity attacks that endanger passengers' safety. Cyber security in intelligent connected vehicles…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Mahdi Dibaei , Xi Zheng , Kun Jiang , Sasa Maric , Robert Abbas , Shigang Liu , Yuexin Zhang , Yao Deng , Sheng Wen , Jun Zhang , Yang Xiang , Shui Yu

In a modern vehicle, there are over seventy Electronics Control Units (ECUs). For an in-vehicle network, ECUs communicate with each other by following a standard communication protocol, such as Controller Area Network (CAN). However, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Yi Li , Jing Lin , Kaiqi Xiong

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are more vulnerable to network attacks due to the high connectivity and diverse communication modes between vehicles and external networks. Deep learning-based Intrusion detection, an effective method for detecting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Pengzhou Cheng , Lei Hua , Haobin Jiang , Gongshen Liu

In recent years, the security of automotive Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) is facing urgent threats due to the widespread use of legacy in-vehicle communication systems. As a representative legacy bus system, the Controller Area Network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Xuhang Ying , Giuseppe Bernieri , Mauro Conti , Linda Bushnell , Radha Poovendran

Intrusion Detection Systems are widely used to detect cyberattacks, especially on protocols vulnerable to hacking attacks such as SOME/IP. In this paper, we present a deep learning-based sequential model for offline intrusion detection on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Natasha Alkhatib , Hadi Ghauch , Jean-Luc Danger

The field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) is currently undergoing a revolutionary transformation driven by the power of pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) based on groundbreaking Transformer architectures. As the frequency and…

Modern vehicles have multiple electronic control units (ECUs) that are connected together as part of a complex distributed cyber-physical system (CPS). The ever-increasing communication between ECUs and external electronic systems has made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-13 S. V. Thiruloga , V. K. Kukkala , S. Pasricha

Modern vehicles, including connected vehicles and autonomous vehicles, nowadays involve many electronic control units connected through intra-vehicle networks to implement various functionalities and perform actions. Modern vehicles are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Li Yang , Abdallah Moubayed , Abdallah Shami

Modern vehicles contain scores of Electrical Control Units (ECUs) that broadcast messages over a Controller Area Network (CAN). Vehicle manufacturers rely on security through obscurity by concealing their unique mapping of CAN messages to…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Miki E. Verma , Robert A. Bridges , Samuel C. Hollifield

Radiological material transportation is primarily facilitated by heavy-duty on-road vehicles. Modern vehicles have dozens of electronic control units or ECUs, which are small, embedded computers that communicate with sensors and each other…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Samuel C Hollifield , Pablo Moriano , William L Lambert , Joel Asiamah , Isaac Sikkema , Michael D Iannacone