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Cryptocurrencies have become very popular in recent years. Thousands of new cryptocurrencies have emerged, proposing new and novel techniques that improve on Bitcoin's core innovation of the blockchain data structure and consensus…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Qingze Hum , Wei Jin Tan , Shi Ying Tey , Latasha Lenus , Ivan Homoliak , Yun Lin , Jun Sun

The security of the Internet rests on a small number of open-source cryptographic libraries: a vulnerability in any one of them threatens to compromise a significant percentage of web traffic. Despite this potential for security impact, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Jenny Blessing , Michael A. Specter , Daniel J. Weitzner

Serverless computing has rapidly emerged as a prominent cloud paradigm, enabling developers to focus solely on application logic without the burden of managing servers or underlying infrastructure. Public serverless repositories have become…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Eduard Marin , Jinwoo Kim , Alessio Pavoni , Mauro Conti , Roberto Di Pietro

In Go, the widespread adoption of open-source software has led to a flourishing ecosystem of third-party dependencies, which are often integrated into critical systems. However, the reuse of dependencies introduces significant supply chain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Carmine Cesarano , Vivi Andersson , Roberto Natella , Martin Monperrus

Smart contracts are commonly audited through static analysis to explore vulnerabilities. However, static approaches typically produce heterogeneous findings rather than reproducible, executable proof-of-concept (PoC) test cases, leading to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Longfei Chen , Ruibin Yan , Taiyu Wong , Yiyang Chen , Jialai Wang , Chao Zhang

Proof of Authority (PoA) is a type of permissioned consensus algorithm with a fixed committee. PoA has been widely adopted by communities and industries due to its better performance and faster finality. In this paper, we explore the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Qin Wang , Rujia Li , Qi Wang , Shiping Chen , Yang Xiang

In 2017, GitHub was the first online open source platform to show security alerts to its users. It has since introduced further security interventions to help developers improve the security of their open source software. In this study, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Felix Fischer , Jonas Höbenreich , Jens Grossklags

Decentralized systems built around blockchain technology promise clients an immutable ledger. They add a transaction to the ledger after it undergoes consensus among the replicas that run a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) or Byzantine Fault-Tolerant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Junchao Chen , Suyash Gupta , Alberto Sonnino , Lefteris Kokoris-Kogias , Mohammad Sadoghi

As cryptographic tokens and altcoins are increasingly being built to serve as utility tokens, the notion of useful work consensus protocols, as opposed to number-crunching PoW consensus, is becoming ever more important. In such contexts,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Michał Król , Alberto Sonnino , Mustafa Al-Bassam , Argyrios Tasiopoulos , Ioannis Psaras

Open-source projects are essential to software development, but publicly disclosing vulnerabilities without fixes increases the risk of exploitation. The Open Source Security Foundation (OpenSSF) addresses this issue by promoting robust…

The surge of research on fake news and misinformation in the aftermath of the 2016 election has led to a significant increase in publicly available source code repositories. Our study aims to systematically analyze and evaluate the most…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Jason Duran , Mostofa Sakib , Nasir Eisty , Francesca Spezzano

Blockchain systems are increasingly targeted by on-chain attacks that exploit contract vulnerabilities to extract value rapidly and stealthily, making systematic analysis and reproduction highly challenging. In practice, reproducing such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Xing Su , Hao Wu , Hanzhong Liang , Yunlin Jiang , Yuxi Cheng , Yating Liu , Fengyuan Xu

The rise of computational power has led to unprecedented performance gains for deep learning models. As more data becomes available and model architectures become more complex, the need for more computational power increases. On the other…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Mahmoud Salhab , Khaleel Mershad

While recent approaches leverage large language models (LLMs) and multi-agent pipelines to automatically generate proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits from vulnerability reports, existing systems often suffer from two fundamental limitations:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Phan The Duy , Khoa Ngo-Khanh , Nguyen Huu Quyen , Van-Hau Pham

As software development practices increasingly adopt AI-powered tools, ensuring that such tools can support secure coding has become critical. This study evaluates the effectiveness of GitHub Copilot's recently introduced code review…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Amena Amro , Manar H. Alalfi

Cryptographic API misuse represents a critical vulnerability class that undermines the security foundations of modern software. Yet, it remains largely unexplored in Go despite its dominance in security-critical infrastructure. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Vivi Andersson , Martin Monperrus

Proof-of-Learning (PoL) proposes that a model owner logs training checkpoints to establish a proof of having expended the computation necessary for training. The authors of PoL forego cryptographic approaches and trade rigorous security…

Online code clones are code fragments that are copied from software projects or online sources to Stack Overflow as examples. Due to an absence of a checking mechanism after the code has been copied to Stack Overflow, they can become toxic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Chaiyong Ragkhitwetsagul , Jens Krinke , Matheus Paixao , Giuseppe Bianco , Rocco Oliveto

The paper presents a traceability analysis of how over 84 thousand vulnerabilities have propagated across 28 open source software ecosystems. According to the results, the propagation sequences have been complex in general, although GitHub,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Jukka Ruohonen , Qusai Ramadan

We present two attacks targeting the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) Ethereum consensus protocol. The first attack suggests a fundamental conceptual incompatibility between PoS and the Greedy Heaviest-Observed Sub-Tree (GHOST) fork choice paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Joachim Neu , Ertem Nusret Tas , David Tse