Related papers: A journey into the proton structure: Progresses an…
I review a number of topics where conventional wisdom in hadron physics has been challenged. For example, hadrons can be produced at large transverse momentum directly within a hard higher-twist QCD subprocess, rather than from jet…
High-energy proton-proton collisions at the LHC offer a stringent test of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in the small-$x$, gluon-dominated regime. This study focus on a minimal, gluon-driven framework to describe the charged-particle…
We review the status of our understanding of nucleon structure based on the modelling of different kinds of parton distributions. We use the concept of generalized transverse momentum dependent parton distributions and Wigner distributions,…
This review deals with the structure of hadrons, strongly interacting many-body systems consisting of quarks and gluons. These systems have a size of about 1 fm, which shows up in scattering experiments at low momentum transfers $Q$ in the…
Quantum Chromodynamics and Quantum Electrodynamics, both renormalizable quantum field theories with a small number of precisely constrained input parameters, dominate the dynamics of the quarks and gluons - the underlying building blocks of…
The role of models in Quantum Chromodynamics is to produce simple physical pictures that connect the phenomenological regularities with the underlying structure. The static properties of hadrons have provided experimental input to define a…
The recent detection of gravitational waves from merging neutron star events has opened a new window on the many unknown aspects of their internal dynamics. A key role in this context is played by the transition from baryon to quark matter…
It has been found that the gluon density inside the proton grows rapidly at small momentum fractions. Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) predicts that this growth can be regulated by nonlinear effects, ultimately leading to gluon saturation.…
This report is based on a ten-week program on "Gluons and the quark sea at high-energies", which took place at the Institute for Nuclear Theory in Seattle in Fall 2010. The principal aim of the program was to develop and sharpen the science…
This is a review of recent developments in hadron structure within the framework of Lattice QCD. The main focus is on recent achievements in the evaluation of nucleon quantities, such as the axial charge, electromagnetic form factors, the…
We review the present level of knowledge of the hadronic structure of the photon, as revealed in interactions involving quarks and gluons ``in" the photon. The concept of photon structure functions is introduced in the description of…
We review recent progress in the study of parton propagation, interaction and fragmentation in both cold and hot strongly interacting matter. Experimental highlights on high-energy hadron production in deep inelastic lepton-nucleus…
Gluons are strong interaction gauge fields which interact between quarks, i.e. constituents of baryons and mesons. Interaction of matters is phenomenologically described by gauge theory of strong, electromagnetic, weak and gravitational…
Gluon dressing of the light quarks within hadrons is very strong and extremely important in that it dynamically generates most of the observable mass through the breaking of chiral symmetry. The quark and gluon parton densities, $q(x)$ and…
Opening talk presented at the Adriatico Research Conference -- Trends in Collider Spin Physics and at the RIKEN Symposium -- Spin Structure of the Nucleon. We present an overview of the opportunities to explore QCD at a very high energy…
We study the Wigner functions of the nucleon which provide multidimensional images of the quark distributions in phase space and combine in a single picture all the information contained in the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and…
Proton matrix elements of the QCD energy-momentum tensor (EMT) are expressed by the gravitational form factors. The forward values of the gravitational form factors allow for a decomposition of the proton mass into contributions from quarks…
We study azimuthal asymmetries in heavy quark pair production in unpolarized electron-proton and proton-proton collisions, where the asymmetries originate from the linear polarization of gluons inside unpolarized hadrons. We provide cross…
Since the announcement of the proton spin crisis by the European Muon Collaboration there has been considerable progress in unravelling the distribution of spin and orbital angular momentum within the proton. We review the current status of…
A general QCD light front formalism to compute many-body color charge correlation functions due to quarks in the proton was constructed~\cite{Dumitru:2018vpr}. These enable new studies of color charge distributions in the nucleon. The…