Related papers: A journey into the proton structure: Progresses an…
An essential prerequisite for quark-gluon plasma production in nuclear collisions is cross-talk between the partons from different nucleons in the colliding nuclei. The initial density of partons is determined by the parton distribution…
We review results on hadron multiplicities in high energy particle collisions. Both theory and experiment are discussed. The general procedures used to describe particle multiplicity in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) are summarized. The QCD…
To study the heavy quark production processes, we use the transverse momentum dependent (TMD, or unintegrated) gluon distribution function in a proton obtained recently using the Kimber-Martin-Ryskin prescription from the Bessel-inspired…
Perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) ceases to be applicable at low interaction energies due to the rapid increase of the strong coupling. In that limit, the non-perturbative regime determines the properties of quarks and gluons…
As the value of the longitudinal momentum carried by partons in a ultra-relativistic hadron becomes small, one observes a growth of their density. When the parton density becomes close to a value of order $1/\alpha_s$, it does not grow any…
Recent studies based on non-perturbative lattice Monte-Carlo solutions of Quantum Chromodynamics, the theory of strong interactions, demonstrated that at high temperature there is a phase change from confined hadronic matter to a deconfined…
The properties of the quark-gluon medium observed in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions are discussed. The main experimental facts about these collisions are briefly described and compared with data about proton-proton collisions. Both…
~Based on the gauge invariant quark canonical momentum we construct two theoretically possible decompositions of nucleon momentum to those of quarks and gluons. We predict that either 6% or 21% of nucleon momentum is carried by gluons,…
A new generation of parton distribution functions with increased precision and quantitative estimates of uncertainties is presented. This work includes a full treatment of available experimental correlated systematic errors for both new and…
Considerable progress has been made in our knowledge of the spin distribution within the proton. The recently measured limits on polarized gluons in the proton suggest polarized gluons contribute very modestly to the proton spin. We will…
The description of the internal structure of hadrons is one of the main goal of QCD. At moderate energy scales, the hadronic representation succeeds to the partonic description, rendering challenging the description of the dynamics of…
Detailed investigations of the structure of hadrons are essential for understanding how matter is constructed from the quarks and gluons of Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), and amongst the questions posed to modern hadron physics, three stand…
We study parton-branching solutions of QCD evolution equations and present a method to construct both collinear and transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton densities from this approach. We work with next-to-leading-order (NLO) accuracy…
We will present some thoughts on the following topics: 1. Major highlights in the history of strong interactions such as isospin, the pion, SU(3), quarks, the color degree of freedom, QCD. 2. Topics of high current interest such as quark…
Recent observations of exotic hadrons have stimulated the theoretical investigation of the internal structure of hadrons. While all hadrons are ultimately composed of quarks and gluons bound by the strong interaction, quark clustering…
In these proceedings we discuss recent progress in nucleon structure using lattice QCD simulations at or near the physical value of the pion mass. Main focus will be given in observables such as the nucleon axial charge and the first…
When quarks and gluons are led to form a dense medium, like in high energy or/and heavy-ion collisions, it is interesting to ask the question which are the relevant degrees of freedom that Quantum Chromodynamics predict. The present notes…
We review the current state of the art in the determination of the parton substructure of the nucleon, as expressed in terms of parton distribution functions (PDFs), and probed in high-energy lepton-hadron and hadron-hadron collisions, and…
The high parton density regime of the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), where the physics of parton saturation is expected to be dominant, is briefly discussed. Some phenomenological aspects of saturation are described, mainly focusing on…
The fundamental theory of the strong interaction -- quantum chromodynamics (QCD) -- provides the foundational framework with which to describe and understand the key properties of atomic nuclei. A deep understanding of the explicit role of…