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Multi-agent reinforcement learning involves multiple agents interacting with each other and a shared environment to complete tasks. When rewards provided by the environment are sparse, agents may not receive immediate feedback on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Baicen Xiao , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Radha Poovendran

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved great progress in cooperative tasks in recent years. However, in the local reward scheme, where only local rewards for each agent are given without global rewards shared by all the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Yunbo Qiu , Yue Jin , Lebin Yu , Jian Wang , Xudong Zhang

We study whether self-learning can scale LLM-based agents without relying on human-curated datasets or predefined rule-based rewards. Through controlled experiments in a search-agent setting, we identify two key determinants of scalable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Wangtao Sun , Xiang Cheng , Jialin Fan , Yao Xu , Xing Yu , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

For a natural social human-robot interaction, it is essential for a robot to learn the human-like social skills. However, learning such skills is notoriously hard due to the limited availability of direct instructions from people to teach a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Ahmed Hussain Qureshi , Yutaka Nakamura , Yuichiro Yoshikawa , Hiroshi Ishiguro

Understanding the emergence of cooperation in systems of computational agents is crucial for the development of effective cooperative AI. Interaction among individuals in real-world settings are often sparse and occur within a broad…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Nicole Orzan , Erman Acar , Davide Grossi , Roxana Rădulescu

Tasks with large state space and sparse rewards present a longstanding challenge to reinforcement learning. In these tasks, an agent needs to explore the state space efficiently until it finds a reward. To deal with this problem, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Jiaheng Hu , Zizhao Wang , Peter Stone , Roberto Martin-Martin

Learning to control an environment without hand-crafted rewards or expert data remains challenging and is at the frontier of reinforcement learning research. We present an unsupervised learning algorithm to train agents to achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-29 David Warde-Farley , Tom Van de Wiele , Tejas Kulkarni , Catalin Ionescu , Steven Hansen , Volodymyr Mnih

Human interactions are influenced by emotions, temperament, and affection, often conflicting with individuals' underlying preferences. Without explicit knowledge of those preferences, judging whether behaviour is appropriate becomes…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Victor Villin , Christos Dimitrakakis

Applying multi-agent reinforcement learning methods to realistic settings is challenging as it may require the agents to quickly adapt to unexpected situations that are rarely or never encountered in training. Recent methods for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Min Whoo Lee , Kibeom Kim , Soo Wung Shin , Minsu Lee , Byoung-Tak Zhang

Real-world multi-agent scenarios often involve mixed motives, demanding altruistic agents capable of self-protection against potential exploitation. However, existing approaches often struggle to achieve both objectives. In this paper,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Fanqi Kong , Yizhe Huang , Song-Chun Zhu , Siyuan Qi , Xue Feng

Recent works have proven that intricate cooperative behaviors can emerge in agents trained using meta reinforcement learning on open ended task distributions using self-play. While the results are impressive, we argue that self-play and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Richard Bornemann , Gautier Hamon , Eleni Nisioti , Clément Moulin-Frier

Reinforcement learning algorithms in multi-agent systems deliver highly resilient and adaptable solutions for common problems in telecommunications,aerospace, and industrial robotics. However, achieving an optimal global goal remains a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Changgang Zheng , Shufan Yang , Juan Parra-Ullauri , Antonio Garcia-Dominguez , Nelly Bencomo

In cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning, a collection of agents learns to interact in a shared environment to achieve a common goal. We propose the use of reward machines (RM) -- Mealy machines used as structured representations…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Cyrus Neary , Zhe Xu , Bo Wu , Ufuk Topcu

In this paper, we propose a novel framework for designing a fast convergent multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL)-based medium access control (MAC) protocol operating in a single cell scenario. The user equipments (UEs) are cast as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Luciano Miuccio , Salvatore Riolo , Mehdi Bennis , Daniela Panno

Reinforcement learning algorithms can train agents that solve problems in complex, interesting environments. Normally, the complexity of the trained agent is closely related to the complexity of the environment. This suggests that a highly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Trapit Bansal , Jakub Pachocki , Szymon Sidor , Ilya Sutskever , Igor Mordatch

We propose a multi-agent distributed reinforcement learning algorithm that balances between potentially conflicting short-term reward and sparse, delayed long-term reward, and learns with partial information in a dynamic environment. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Jing Tan , Ramin Khalili , Holger Karl

Flocking is a very challenging problem in a multi-agent system; traditional flocking methods also require complete knowledge of the environment and a precise model for control. In this paper, we propose Evolutionary Multi-Agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Yunxiao Guo , Xinjia Xie , Runhao Zhao , Chenglan Zhu , Jiangting Yin , Han Long

Many cooperative multi-agent problems require agents to learn individual tasks while contributing to the collective success of the group. This is a challenging task for current state-of-the-art multi-agent reinforcement algorithms that are…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Hassam Ullah Sheikh , Ladislau Bölöni

Many real-world systems such as taxi systems, traffic networks and smart grids involve self-interested actors that perform individual tasks in a shared environment. However, in such systems, the self-interested behaviour of agents produces…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-01-31 David Mguni , Joel Jennings , Sergio Valcarcel Macua , Emilio Sison , Sofia Ceppi , Enrique Munoz de Cote

Unsupervised skill learning objectives (Gregor et al., 2016, Eysenbach et al., 2018) allow agents to learn rich repertoires of behavior in the absence of extrinsic rewards. They work by simultaneously training a policy to produce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 DJ Strouse , Kate Baumli , David Warde-Farley , Vlad Mnih , Steven Hansen