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Related papers: Playing Mastermind with Wordle-like Feedback

200 papers

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted as automated judges in benchmarking and reward modeling, ensuring their reliability, efficiency, and robustness has become critical. In this work, we present a systematic comparison…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Pratik Jayarao , Himanshu Gupta , Neeraj Varshney , Chaitanya Dwivedi

Conversational Machine Reading (CMR) requires answering a user's initial question through multi-turn dialogue interactions based on a given document. Although there exist many effective methods, they largely neglected the alignment between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Yangyang Luo , Shiyu Tian , Caixia Yuan , Xiaojie Wang

Declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge are two key parts in meta-cognitive theory, and these two hold significant importance in pre-training and inference of LLMs. However, a comprehensive analysis comparing these two types of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Zhuoqun Li , Hongyu Lin , Yaojie Lu , Hao Xiang , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

In the permutation Mastermind game, the goal is to uncover a secret permutation $\sigma^\star \colon [n] \to [n]$ by making a series of guesses $\pi_1, \ldots, \pi_T$ which must also be permutations of $[n]$, and receiving as feedback after…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Bernardo Subercaseaux

In this paper, I introduce the retrieval problem, a simple yet common reasoning task that can be solved only by transformers with a minimum number of layers, which grows logarithmically with the input size. I empirically show that large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Tiberiu Musat

Language models (LMs) show state of the art performance for common sense (CS) question answering, but whether this ability implies a human-level mastery of CS remains an open question. Understanding the limitations and strengths of LMs can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Ehsan Qasemi , Lee Kezar , Jay Pujara , Pedro Szekely

Counterfactual explanations (CFE) for deep image classifiers aim to reveal how minimal input changes lead to different model decisions, providing critical insights for model interpretation and improvement. However, existing CFE methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Townim Faisal Chowdhury , Vu Minh Hieu Phan , Kewen Liao , Nanyu Dong , Minh-Son To , Anton Hengel , Johan Verjans , Zhibin Liao

Recent Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) with thinking traces have shown strong performance on English reasoning tasks. However, their ability to think in other languages is less studied. This capability is as important as answer accuracy for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Jirui Qi , Shan Chen , Zidi Xiong , Raquel Fernández , Danielle S. Bitterman , Arianna Bisazza

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in production systems, powering applications such as chatbots, summarization, and question answering. Despite their success, controlling the length of their response remains a significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Bradley Butcher , Michael O'Keefe , James Titchener

Large Language Models increasingly rely on self-explanations, such as chain of thought reasoning, to improve performance on multi step question answering. While these explanations enhance accuracy, they are often verbose and costly to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ali Zahedzadeh , Behnam Bahrak

Language models must be adapted to understand and follow user instructions. Reinforcement learning is widely used to facilitate this -- typically using fixed criteria such as "helpfulness" and "harmfulness". In our work, we instead propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Vijay Viswanathan , Yanchao Sun , Shuang Ma , Xiang Kong , Meng Cao , Graham Neubig , Tongshuang Wu

Code-switching (CS) is the process of speakers interchanging between two or more languages which in the modern world becomes increasingly common. In order to better describe CS speech the Matrix Language Frame (MLF) theory introduces the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Olga Iakovenko , Thomas Hain

This paper reconsiders the problem of the absent-minded driver who must choose between alternatives with different payoff with imperfect recall and varying degrees of knowledge of the system. The classical absent-minded driver problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Subhash Kak

Self-play bootstraps LLM reasoning through an iterative Challenger-Solver loop: the Challenger is trained to generate questions that target the Solver's capabilities, and the Solver is optimized on the generated data to expand its reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Gengsheng Li , Jinghan He , Shijie Wang , Dan Zhang , Ruiqi Liu , Renrui Zhang , Zijun Yao , Junfeng Fang , Haiyun Guo , Jinqiao Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with precise reasoning for structured visuals like charts and diagrams, as pixel-based perception lacks a mechanism for verification. To address this, we propose to leverage derendering --…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Junhong Shen , Mu Cai , Bo Hu , Ameet Talwalkar , David A Ross , Cordelia Schmid , Alireza Fathi

The burgeoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have underscored the need for alignment to ensure these models act in accordance with human values and intentions. Existing alignment frameworks present constraints either in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Leitian Tao , Yixuan Li

Despite exciting progress in causal language models, the expressiveness of the representations is largely limited due to poor discrimination ability. To remedy this issue, we present ContraCLM, a novel contrastive learning framework at both…

Language Models (LMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in solving complex reasoning tasks, particularly when prompted to generate intermediate explanations. However, it remains an open question whether these intermediate reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Moritz Miller , Kumar Shridhar

The design of reliable and efficient codes for channels with feedback remains a longstanding challenge in communication theory. While significant improvements have been achieved by leveraging deep learning techniques, neural codes often…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Sravan Kumar Ankireddy , Krishna Narayanan , Hyeji Kim

Riddle-solving requires advanced reasoning skills, pushing LLMs to engage in abstract thinking and creative problem-solving, often revealing limitations in their cognitive abilities. In this paper, we examine the riddle-solving capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Ioannis Panagiotopoulos , Giorgos Filandrianos , Maria Lymperaiou , Giorgos Stamou