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Traditional domain generalization methods often rely on domain alignment to reduce inter-domain distribution differences and learn domain-invariant representations. However, domain shifts are inherently difficult to eliminate, which limits…

The use of neural networks for diagnosis classification is becoming more and more prevalent in the medical imaging community. However, deep learning method outputs remain hard to explain. Another difficulty is to choose among the large…

The proliferation of optical, electron, and scanning probe microscopies gives rise to large volumes of imaging data of objects as diversified as cells, bacteria, pollen, to nanoparticles and atoms and molecules. In most cases, the…

Estimating rigid objects' poses is one of the fundamental problems in computer vision, with a range of applications across automation and augmented reality. Most existing approaches adopt one network per object class strategy, depend…

Recently, uncertainty-aware methods have attracted increasing attention in semi-supervised medical image segmentation. However, current methods usually suffer from the drawback that it is difficult to balance the computational cost,…

Self-supervised instance discrimination is an effective contrastive pretext task to learn feature representations and address limited medical image annotations. The idea is to make features of transformed versions of the same images similar…

Jointing visual-semantic embeddings (VSE) have become a research hotpot for the task of image annotation, which suffers from the issue of semantic gap, i.e., the gap between images' visual features (low-level) and labels' semantic features…

Although unsupervised generative modeling of an image dataset using a Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) has been used to detect anomalous images, or anomalous regions in images, recent works have shown that this method often identifies images…

Semantic segmentation of electron microscopy (EM) images of biological samples remains a challenge in the life sciences. EM data captures details of biological structures, sometimes with such complexity that even human observers can find it…

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) have been used extensively to discover low-dimensional latent factors governing neural activity and animal behavior. However, without careful model selection, the uncovered latent factors may reflect noise in…

We consider the problem of naming objects in complex, natural scenes containing widely varying object appearance and subtly different names. Informed by cognitive research, we propose an approach based on sharing context based object…

Since the development of self-supervised visual representation learning from contrastive learning to masked image modeling (MIM), there is no significant difference in essence, that is, how to design proper pretext tasks for vision…

EEG foundation models are typically pretrained on narrow-source clinical archives and evaluated on benchmarks from the same ecosystem, leaving unclear whether representations encode neural physiology or recording-distribution artifacts. We…

Whole slide images (WSIs) are the gold standard for pathological diagnosis and sub-typing. Current main-stream two-step frameworks employ offline feature encoders trained without domain-specific knowledge. Among them, attention-based…

Semi-supervised learning methods have been explored in medical image segmentation tasks due to the scarcity of pixel-level annotation in the real scenario. Proto-type alignment based consistency constraint is an intuitional and plausible…

Variational autoencoder (VAE) is a deep generative model for unsupervised learning, allowing to encode observations into the meaningful latent space. VAE is prone to catastrophic forgetting when tasks arrive sequentially, and only the data…

In recent years, the research landscape of machine learning in medical imaging has changed drastically from supervised to semi-, weakly- or unsupervised methods. This is mainly due to the fact that ground-truth labels are time-consuming and…

Pathology foundation models learn morphological representations through self-supervised pretraining on large-scale whole-slide images, yet they do not explicitly capture the underlying molecular state of the tissue. Spatial transcriptomics…

In cross-modal retrieval tasks, such as image-to-report and report-to-image retrieval, accurately aligning medical images with relevant text reports is essential but challenging due to the inherent ambiguity and variability in medical data.…

Due to its superior efficiency in utilizing annotations and addressing gigapixel-sized images, multiple instance learning (MIL) has shown great promise as a framework for whole slide image (WSI) classification in digital pathology…