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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are an increasingly powerful way to solve partial differential equations, generate digital twins, and create neural surrogates of physical models. In this manuscript we detail the inner workings of…

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have plateaued at errors of $10^{-3}$-$10^{-4}$ for fourth-order partial differential equations, creating a perceived precision ceiling that limits their adoption in engineering applications. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Wei Shan Lee , Chi Kiu Althina Chau , Kei Chon Sio , Kam Ian Leong

Solving inverse problems in dynamical systems governed by high-dimensional coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is a ubiquitous challenge in scientific machine learning. In many real-world applications, researchers seek to uncover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Zhao Wei , Kenneth Hor Cheng Koh , Sheng Yuan Chin , James Chun Yip Chan , Chin Chun Ooi , Yew-Soon Ong

We propose a novel algorithm, based on physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to efficiently approximate solutions of nonlinear dispersive PDEs such as the KdV-Kawahara, Camassa-Holm and Benjamin-Ono equations. The stability of solutions…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-19 Genming Bai , Ujjwal Koley , Siddhartha Mishra , Roberto Molinaro

This paper proposes a new framework using physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to simulate complex structural systems that consist of single and double beams based on Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko theory, where the double beams are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Taniya Kapoor , Hongrui Wang , Alfredo Nunez , Rolf Dollevoet

Although physics-informed neural networks(PINNs) have progressed a lot in many real applications recently, there remains problems to be further studied, such as achieving more accurate results, taking less training time, and quantifying the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Bin Shan , Ye Li , Shengjun Huang

Inverse problems are extensively studied in applied mathematics, with applications ranging from acoustic tomography for medical diagnosis to geophysical exploration. Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool…

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve physical systems by incorporating governing partial differential equations directly into neural network training. In electromagnetism, where well-established methodologies such as FDTD and FEM…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Nilufer K. Bulut

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are an essential computational kernel in physics and engineering. With the advance of deep learning, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), as a mesh-free method, have shown great potential for fast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Junjun Yan , Xinhai Chen , Zhichao Wang , Enqiang Zhoui , Jie Liu

Physics informed neural network (PINN) based solution methods for differential equations have recently shown success in a variety of scientific computing applications. Several authors have reported difficulties, however, when using PINNs to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-16 Arnav Gangal , Luis Kim , Sean P. Carney

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as promising methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by embedding physical laws within neural architectures. However, these classical approaches often require a large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Afrah Farea , Saiful Khan , Mustafa Serdar Celebi

Many types of physics-informed neural network models have been proposed in recent years as approaches for learning solutions to differential equations. When a particular task requires solving a differential equation at multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Filipe de Avila Belbute-Peres , Yi-fan Chen , Fei Sha

This study investigates the potential accuracy boundaries of physics-informed neural networks, contrasting their approach with previous similar works and traditional numerical methods. We find that selecting improved optimization algorithms…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-12-16 Jorge F. Urbán , Petros Stefanou , José A. Pons

This paper introduces a framework based on physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for addressing key challenges in nonlinear lattices, including solution approximation, bifurcation diagram construction, and linear stability analysis. We…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Muhammad Luthfi Shahab , Fidya Almira Suheri , Rudy Kusdiantara , Hadi Susanto

In this work, we assess the ability of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to solve increasingly-complex coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We focus on a pair of benchmarks: discretized partial differential equations and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-17 Alexander New , Benjamin Eng , Andrea C. Timm , Andrew S. Gearhart

In many scientific and engineering (e.g., physical, biochemical, medical) practices, data generated through expensive experiments or large-scale simulations, are often sparse and noisy. Physics-informed neural network (PINN) incorporates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Kai-liang Lu

Evolution equations, including both ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and partial differential equations (PDEs), play a pivotal role in modeling dynamic systems. However, achieving accurate long-time integration for these equations…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-23 Xiaodong Feng , Haojiong Shangguan , Tao Tang , Xiaoliang Wan

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) effectively embed physical principles into machine learning, but often struggle with complex or alternating geometries. We propose a novel method for integrating geometric transformations within…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Samuel Burbulla

In this paper, we compute numerical approximations of the minimal surfaces, an essential type of Partial Differential Equation (PDE), in higher dimensions. Classical methods cannot handle it in this case because of the Curse of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-09-08 Steven Zhou , Xiaojing Ye

Solving the two-dimensional shallow water equations is a fundamental problem in flood simulation technology. In recent years, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a novel methodology for addressing this problem. Given…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-01-22 Yongfu Tian , Shan Ding , Guofeng Su , Lida Huang , Jianguo Chen
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