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This paper introduces Ranking Info Noise Contrastive Estimation (RINCE), a new member in the family of InfoNCE losses that preserves a ranked ordering of positive samples. In contrast to the standard InfoNCE loss, which requires a strict…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-28 David T. Hoffmann , Nadine Behrmann , Juergen Gall , Thomas Brox , Mehdi Noroozi

Semi-supervised learning acts as an effective way to leverage massive unlabeled data. In this paper, we propose a novel training strategy, termed as Semi-supervised Contrastive Learning (SsCL), which combines the well-known contrastive loss…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Yuhang Zhang , Xiaopeng Zhang , Robert. C. Qiu , Jie Li , Haohang Xu , Qi Tian

Contrastive learning is an approach to representation learning that utilizes naturally occurring similar and dissimilar pairs of data points to find useful embeddings of data. In the context of document classification under topic modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Christopher Tosh , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Daniel Hsu

Contrastive learning has been frequently investigated to learn effective representations for text clustering tasks. While existing contrastive learning-based text clustering methods only focus on modeling instance-wise semantic similarity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Qian Yong , Chen Chen , Xiabing Zhou

This paper presents a whitening-based contrastive learning method for sentence embedding learning (WhitenedCSE), which combines contrastive learning with a novel shuffled group whitening. Generally, contrastive learning pulls distortions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Wenjie Zhuo , Yifan Sun , Xiaohan Wang , Linchao Zhu , Yi Yang

The goal of contrasting learning is to learn a representation that preserves underlying clusters by keeping samples with similar content, e.g. the ``dogness'' of a dog, close to each other in the space generated by the representation. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Advait Parulekar , Liam Collins , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Aryan Mokhtari , Sanjay Shakkottai

Recent work studies the supervised online continual learning setting where a learner receives a stream of data whose class distribution changes over time. Distinct from other continual learning settings the learner is presented new samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Nader Asadi , Sudhir Mudur , Eugene Belilovsky

The task of infomin learning aims to learn a representation with high utility while being uninformative about a specified target, with the latter achieved by minimising the mutual information between the representation and the target. It…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Yanzhi Chen , Weihao Sun , Yingzhen Li , Adrian Weller

Vector representations of natural language are ubiquitous in search applications. Recently, various methods based on contrastive learning have been proposed to learn textual representations from unlabelled data; by maximizing alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Sachin J. Chanchani , Ruihong Huang

Currently, learning better unsupervised sentence representations is the pursuit of many natural language processing communities. Lots of approaches based on pre-trained language models (PLMs) and contrastive learning have achieved promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Nuo Chen , Linjun Shou , Ming Gong , Jian Pei , Bowen Cao , Jianhui Chang , Daxin Jiang , Jia Li

Recent empirical works have successfully used unlabeled data to learn feature representations that are broadly useful in downstream classification tasks. Several of these methods are reminiscent of the well-known word2vec embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Sanjeev Arora , Hrishikesh Khandeparkar , Mikhail Khodak , Orestis Plevrakis , Nikunj Saunshi

Unsupervised sentence representation learning is one of the fundamental problems in natural language processing with various downstream applications. Recently, contrastive learning has been widely adopted which derives high-quality sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Jiduan Liu , Jiahao Liu , Qifan Wang , Jingang Wang , Wei Wu , Yunsen Xian , Dongyan Zhao , Kai Chen , Rui Yan

Text embedding models play a crucial role in natural language processing, particularly in information retrieval, and their importance is further highlighted with the recent utilization of RAG (Retrieval- Augmented Generation). This study…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Jeongsu Yu

Self-supervised contrastive learning (SSCL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for representation learning and has been studied from multiple perspectives, including mutual information and geometric viewpoints. However, supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Minoh Jeong , Alfred Hero

Supervised contrastive learning (SupCL) has emerged as a prominent approach in representation learning, leveraging both supervised and self-supervised losses. However, achieving an optimal balance between these losses is challenging;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Chungpa Lee , Jeongheon Oh , Kibok Lee , Jy-yong Sohn

Contrastive learning is emerging as a powerful technique for extracting knowledge from unlabeled data. This technique requires a balanced mixture of two ingredients: positive (similar) and negative (dissimilar) samples. This is typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Rui Cao , Yihao Wang , Yuxin Liang , Ling Gao , Jie Zheng , Jie Ren , Zheng Wang

Pretext Invariant Representation Learning (PIRL) followed by Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) has become a standard paradigm for learning with limited labels. We extend this approach to the Positive Unlabeled (PU) setting, where only a small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Anish Acharya , Li Jing , Bhargav Bhushanam , Dhruv Choudhary , Michael Rabbat , Sujay Sanghavi , Inderjit S Dhillon

Recently, contrastive learning has achieved great results in self-supervised learning, where the main idea is to push two augmentations of an image (positive pairs) closer compared to other random images (negative pairs). We argue that not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Ajinkya Tejankar , Soroush Abbasi Koohpayegani , Vipin Pillai , Paolo Favaro , Hamed Pirsiavash

Contrastive learning has been demonstrated to be effective in enhancing pre-trained language models (PLMs) to derive superior universal sentence embeddings. However, existing contrastive methods still have two limitations. Firstly, previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yuxin Jiang , Linhan Zhang , Wei Wang

Inference, especially those derived from inductive processes, is a crucial component in our conversation to complement the information implicitly or explicitly conveyed by a speaker. While recent large language models show remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Etsuko Ishii , Yan Xu , Bryan Wilie , Ziwei Ji , Holy Lovenia , Willy Chung , Pascale Fung