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Contrastive learning (CL)-based self-supervised learning models learn visual representations in a pairwise manner. Although the prevailing CL model has achieved great progress, in this paper, we uncover an ever-overlooked phenomenon: When…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Wenwen Qiang , Jiangmeng Li , Changwen Zheng , Bing Su , Hui Xiong

Contrastive learning methods, such as CLIP, leverage naturally paired data-for example, images and their corresponding text captions-to learn general representations that transfer efficiently to downstream tasks. While such approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Adriel Saporta , Aahlad Puli , Mark Goldstein , Rajesh Ranganath

The image-text retrieval task aims to retrieve relevant information from a given image or text. The main challenge is to unify multimodal representation and distinguish fine-grained differences across modalities, thereby finding similar…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Ziyu Gong , Chengcheng Mai , Yihua Huang

A lot of recent advances in unsupervised feature learning are based on designing features which are invariant under semantic data augmentations. A common way to do this is contrastive learning, which uses positive and negative samples. Some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Ashwini Pokle , Jinjin Tian , Yuchen Li , Andrej Risteski

Contrastive learning has emerged as a cornerstone of unsupervised representation learning across vision, language, and graph domains, with InfoNCE as its dominant objective. Despite its empirical success, the theoretical underpinnings of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ge Cheng , Shuo Wang , Yun Zhang

Contrastive learning has been studied for improving the performance of learning sentence embeddings. The current state-of-the-art method is the SimCSE, which takes dropout as the data augmentation method and feeds a pre-trained transformer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Junlei Zhang , Zhenzhong lan

Machine unlearning is a complex process that necessitates the model to diminish the influence of the training data while keeping the loss of accuracy to a minimum. Despite the numerous studies on machine unlearning in recent years, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Zixin Wang , Kongyang Chen

Self-supervised representation learning has achieved impressive empirical success, yet its theoretical understanding remains limited. In this work, we provide a theoretical perspective by formulating self-supervised representation learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Byeongchan Lee

We argue that a form of the valuable information provided by the auxiliary information is its implied data clustering information. For instance, considering hashtags as auxiliary information, we can hypothesize that an Instagram image will…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Tianqin Li , Weixin Liu , Peiyuan Liao , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency

Self-supervised contrastive learning frameworks have progressed rapidly over the last few years. In this paper, we propose a novel loss function for contrastive learning. We model our pre-training task as a binary classification problem to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Siladittya Manna , Umapada Pal , Saumik Bhattacharya

Generic sentence embeddings provide a coarse-grained approximation of semantic textual similarity but ignore specific aspects that make texts similar. Conversely, aspect-based sentence embeddings provide similarities between texts based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Tim Schopf , Emanuel Gerber , Malte Ostendorff , Florian Matthes

In this work, we devote ourselves to the challenging task of Unsupervised Multi-view Representation Learning (UMRL), which requires learning a unified feature representation from multiple views in an unsupervised manner. Existing UMRL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Yiyang Zhou , Qinghai Zheng , Shunshun Bai , Jihua Zhu

Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) achieve remarkable success in Recommendation. To reduce the influence of data sparsity, Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL) is adopted in GNN-based CF methods for enhancing performance. Most GCL methods…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Junjie Huang , Qi Cao , Ruobing Xie , Shaoliang Zhang , Feng Xia , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Change captioning aims to succinctly describe the semantic change between a pair of similar images, while being immune to distractors (illumination and viewpoint changes). Under these distractors, unchanged objects often appear pseudo…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Yunbin Tu , Liang Li , Li Su , Chenggang Yan , Qingming Huang

Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) based on instance discrimination typically attracts positive samples while repelling negatives to learn representations with pre-defined binary self-supervision. However, vanilla CSL is inadequate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Yifei Zhang , Chang Liu , Yu Zhou , Weiping Wang , Qixiang Ye , Xiangyang Ji

As one of the most effective self-supervised representation learning methods, contrastive learning (CL) relies on multiple negative pairs to contrast against each positive pair. In the standard practice of contrastive learning, data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Lu Wang , Chao Du , Pu Zhao , Chuan Luo , Zhangchi Zhu , Bo Qiao , Wei Zhang , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang , Qi Zhang

Learning quality document embeddings is a fundamental problem in natural language processing (NLP), information retrieval (IR), recommendation systems, and search engines. Despite recent advances in the development of transformer-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Daniel Saggau , Mina Rezaei , Bernd Bischl , Ilias Chalkidis

The evaluation of cross-lingual semantic search models is often limited to existing datasets from tasks such as information retrieval and semantic textual similarity. We introduce Cross-Lingual Semantic Discrimination (CLSD), a lightweight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Andrianos Michail , Simon Clematide , Rico Sennrich

This paper presents SimCLR: a simple framework for contrastive learning of visual representations. We simplify recently proposed contrastive self-supervised learning algorithms without requiring specialized architectures or a memory bank.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Ting Chen , Simon Kornblith , Mohammad Norouzi , Geoffrey Hinton

Contrastive representation learning has proven to be an effective self-supervised learning method for images and videos. Most successful approaches are based on Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) and use different views of an instance as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Julien Denize , Jaonary Rabarisoa , Astrid Orcesi , Romain Hérault
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