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Cross-chain technology facilitates the interoperability among isolated blockchains on which users can freely communicate and transfer values. Existing cross-chain protocols suffer from the scalability problem when processing on-chain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Yihao Guo , Minghui Xu , Dongxiao Yu , Yong Yu , Rajiv Ranjan , Xiuzhen Cheng

Cryptocurrency networks such as Bitcoin have emerged as a distributed alternative to traditional centralized financial transaction networks. However, there are major challenges in scaling up the throughput of such networks. Lightning…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Sushil Mahavir Varma , Siva Theja Maguluri

Most permissionless blockchain networks run on peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, which offer flexibility and decentralization at the expense of performance (e.g., network latency). Historically, this tradeoff has not been a bottleneck for most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Weizhao Tang , Lucianna Kiffer , Giulia Fanti , Ari Juels

A payment network contains transactions between sellers and buyers. Detecting risky (or bad) sellers on such a payment network is crucial to payment service providers for risk management and legal compliance. In this research, we formulate…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Chen Zhe , Aixin Sun

Payment networks were introduced to address the limitation on the transaction throughput of popular blockchains. To open a payment channel one has to publish a transaction on-chain and pay the appropriate transaction fee. A transaction can…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Georgia Avarikioti , Rolf Scheuner , Roger Wattenhofer

Blockchain has received increasing attention in academia and industry. However, the increasing transaction volumes and limited on-chain storage underscore scalability as a key challenge hindering the widespread adoption of blockchain.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Xiaojie Wang , Hanxue Li , Ling Yi , Zhaolong Ning , Song Guo , Yan Zhang

Traditional public blockchain systems typically had very limited transaction throughput because of the bottleneck of the consensus protocol itself. With recent advances in consensus technology, the performance limit has been greatly lifted,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Péter Garamvölgyi , Yuxi Liu , Dong Zhou , Fan Long , Ming Wu

Public blockchains have spurred the growing popularity of decentralized transactions and smart contracts, but they exhibit limitations on the transaction throughput, storage, and computation. To avoid transaction gridlock, public…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Nikolay Ivanov , Qiben Yan , Qingyang Wang

A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a powerful system of distributed caching servers that aims to accelerate content delivery, like high-definition video, IoT applications, and ultra-low-latency services, efficiently and with fast velocity.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Md Nurul Absur , Sourya Saha , Sifat Nawrin Nova , Kazi Fahim Ahmad Nasif , Md Rahat Ul Nasib

Content-Centric Networking (CCN) offers a novel architectural paradigm that seeks to address the inherent limitations of the prevailing Internet Protocol (IP)-based networking model. In contrast to the host-centric communication approach of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Azadeh Sadat Miraftab , Ahmadreza Montazerolghaem , Behrad Mahboobi

Payment protocols developed to realize off-chain transactions in Payment channel network (PCN) assumes the underlying routing algorithm transfers the payment via a single path. However, a path may not have sufficient capacity to route a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Subhra Mazumdar , Sushmita Ruj

Money transfer is an abstraction that realizes the core of cryptocurrencies. It has been shown that, contrary to common belief, money transfer in the presence of Byzantine faults can be implemented in asynchronous networks and does not…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Oded Naor , Idit Keidar

The efficiency of decentralized book systems like Bitcoin and Ethereum has always been a challenge. It is usually measured by three major factors: scalability, throughput, and latency. Scalability refers to how the system capacity is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Nate Zou , Eric Li , Henry Zhang

Blockchain technology, while revolutionary in enabling decentralized transactions, faces scalability challenges as the ledger must be replicated across all nodes of the chain, limiting throughput and efficiency. Sharding, which divides the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Björn Assmann , Samuel J. Burri

The Bitcoin Lightning Network is a Layer 2 payment protocol that addresses Bitcoin's scalability by facilitating quick and cost effective transactions through payment channels. This research explores the feasibility of using machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Vincent Davis , Emanuele Rossi , Vikash Singh

As the killer application of blockchain technology, blockchain-based payments have attracted extensive attention ranging from hobbyists to corporates to regulatory bodies. Blockchain facilitates fast, secure, and cross-border payments…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Qinghua Lu , Xiwei Xu , H. M. N. Dilum Bandara , Shiping Chen , Liming Zhu

Off-chain transaction networks can mitigate the scalability issues of today's trustless electronic cash systems such as Bitcoin. However, these peer-to-peer networks also introduce a new attack surface which is not well-understood today.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Saar Tochner , Stefan Schmid , Aviv Zohar

The Lightning Network (LN) is a prominent payment channel network aimed at addressing Bitcoin's scalability issues. Due to the privacy of channel balances, senders cannot reliably choose sufficiently liquid payment paths and resort to a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Rene Pickhardt , Sergei Tikhomirov , Alex Biryukov , Mariusz Nowostawski

Payment channel networks, such as Bitcoin's Lightning Network, promise to improve the scalability of blockchain systems by processing the majority of transactions off-chain. Due to the design, the positioning of nodes in the network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Kimberly Lange , Elias Rohrer , Florian Tschorsch

In this paper, we consider the problem of cross-chain payment whereby customers of different escrows -- implemented by a bank or a blockchain smart contract -- successfully transfer digital assets without trusting each other. Prior to this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Rob van Glabbeek , Vincent Gramoli , Pierre Tholoniat