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Modern vehicles rely on scores of electronic control units (ECUs) broadcasting messages over a few controller area networks (CANs). Bereft of security features, in-vehicle CANs are exposed to cyber manipulation and multiple researches have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Zachariah Tyree , Robert A. Bridges , Frank L. Combs , Michael R. Moore

The Controller Area Network (CAN) is used for communication between in-vehicle devices. The CAN bus has been shown to be vulnerable to remote attacks. To harden vehicles against such attacks, vehicle manufacturers have divided in-vehicle…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Efrat Levy , Asaf Shabtai , Bogdan Groza , Pal-Stefan Murvay , Yuval Elovici

As connectivity between and within vehicles increases, so does concern about safety and security. Various automotive serial protocols are used inside vehicles such as Controller Area Network (CAN), Local Interconnect Network (LIN) and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Emad Aliwa , Omer Rana , Charith Perera , Peter Burnap

Efficient key management for automotive networks (CAN) is a critical element, governing the adoption of security in the next generation of vehicles. A recent promising approach for dynamic key agreement between groups of nodes,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-18 Shalabh Jain , Qian Wang , Md Tanvir Arafin , Jorge Guajardo

The security of modern vehicles has become increasingly important, with the controller area network (CAN) bus serving as a critical communication backbone for various Electronic Control Units (ECUs). The absence of robust security measures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Stefano Longari , Paolo Cerracchio , Michele Carminati , Stefano Zanero

The progression of innovation and technology and ease of inter-connectivity among networks has allowed us to evolve towards one of the promising areas, the Internet of Vehicles. Nowadays, modern vehicles are connected to a range of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Ajeet Kumar Dwivedi

Modern vehicles rely on a fleet of electronic control units (ECUs) connected through controller area network (CAN) buses for critical vehicular control. With the expansion of advanced connectivity features in automobiles and the elevated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Md Hasan Shahriar , Yang Xiao , Pablo Moriano , Wenjing Lou , Y. Thomas Hou

Despite being a legacy protocol with various known security issues, Controller Area Network (CAN) still represents the de-facto standard for communications within vehicles, ships, and industrial control systems. Many research works have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Denis Donadel , Kavya Balasubramanian , Alessandro Brighente , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Mauro Conti , Radha Poovendran

The large number of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) mounted on modern cars and their expansive communication capabilities create a substantial attack surface for potential exploitation. Despite the evolution of automotive technology, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Alessandro Lotto , Francesco Marchiori , Alessandro Brighente , Mauro Conti

Advanced electronic units inside modern vehicles have enhanced the driving experience, but also introduced a myriad of security problems due to the inherent limitations of the internal communication protocol. In the last two decades, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Chandra Sharma , Samuel Moylan , George Amariucai , Eugene Y. Vasserman

Recent advancements in 3D-printing/additive manufacturing has brought forth a new interest in the use of Controller Area Network (CAN) for multi-module, plug-and-play bus support for their embedded systems. CAN systems provide a variety of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Tyler Cultice , Himanshu Thapliyal

We propose a novel neural network architecture for detecting intrusions on the CAN bus. The Controller Area Network (CAN) is the standard communication method between the Electronic Control Units (ECUs) of automobiles. However, CAN lacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Markus Hanselmann , Thilo Strauss , Katharina Dormann , Holger Ulmer

Nowadays with the help of advanced technology, modern vehicles are not only made up of mechanical devices but also consist of highly complex electronic devices and connections to the outside world. There are around 70 Electronic Control…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Omid Avatefipour , Hafiz Malik

The integration of digital devices in modern vehicles has revolutionized automotive technology, enhancing safety and the overall driving experience. The Controller Area Network (CAN) bus is a central system for managing in-vehicle…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Lorenzo Guerra , Linhan Xu , Paolo Bellavista , Thomas Chapuis , Guillaume Duc , Pavlo Mozharovskyi , Van-Tam Nguyen

Modern vehicles contain a few controller area networks (CANs), which allow scores of on-board electronic control units (ECUs) to communicate messages critical to vehicle functions and driver safety. CAN provide a lightweight and reliable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Krzysztof Pawelec , Robert A. Bridges , Frank L. Combs

Modern vehicles are increasingly vulnerable to attacks that exploit network infrastructures, particularly the Controller Area Network (CAN) networks. To effectively counter such threats using contemporary tools like Intrusion Detection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Sadek Misto Kirdi , Nicola Scarano , Franco Oberti , Luca Mannella , Stefano Di Carlo , Alessandro Savino

Modern vehicles rely on electronic control units (ECUs) interconnected through the Controller Area Network (CAN), making in-vehicle communication a critical security concern. Machine learning (ML)-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nirab Hossain , Pablo Moriano

Data for controlling a vehicle is exchanged among Electronic Control Units (ECUs) via in-vehicle network protocols such as the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol. Since these protocols are designed for an isolated network, the protocols…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Sang Uk Sagong , Radha Poovendran , Linda Bushnell

Due to the rising number of sophisticated customer functionalities, electronic control units (ECUs) are increasingly integrated into modern automotive systems. However, the high connectivity between the in-vehicle and the external networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Natasha Alkhatib , Maria Mushtaq , Hadi Ghauch , Jean-Luc Danger

Modern vehicles are equipped with Electronic Control Units (ECU) that are used for controlling important vehicle functions including safety-critical operations. ECUs exchange information via in-vehicle communication buses, of which the…

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