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We revisit the two-player planar target-defense game initially posed by Isaacs where a pursuer (or defender) attempts to guard a target set from an attack by an evader (or attacker). This paper builds on existing analytical solutions to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-04 Yoonjae Lee , Efstathios Bakolas

In this paper, we consider the infinite-horizon reach-avoid zero-sum game problem, where the goal is to find a set in the state space, referred to as the reach-avoid set, such that the system starting at a state therein could be controlled…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-19 Jingqi Li , Donggun Lee , Somayeh Sojoudi , Claire J. Tomlin

We prove existence of a value for two-player zero-sum stopper vs. singular-controller games on finite-time horizon, when the underlying dynamics is one-dimensional, diffusive and bound to evolve in $[0,\infty)$. We show that the value is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-26 Andrea Bovo , Tiziano De Angelis

A model of strategy formulation is used to study how an adaptive attacker learns to overcome a moving target cyber defense. The attacker-defender interaction is modeled as a game in which a defender deploys a temporal platform migration…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-08-19 M. L. Winterrose , K. M. Carter , N. Wagner , W. W. Streilein

Motivated by safety-critical classification problems, we investigate adversarial attacks against cost-sensitive classifiers. We use current state-of-the-art adversarially-resistant neural network classifiers [1] as the underlying models.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-08 Gavin S. Hartnett , Andrew J. Lohn , Alexander P. Sedlack

We present a model for layered security with applications to the protection of sites such as stadiums or large gathering places. We formulate the problem as one of maximizing the capture of illegal contraband. The objective function is…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Tsvetan Asamov , Emre Yamangil , Endre Boros , Paul Kantor , Fred Roberts

Smart grids are vulnerable to cyber-attacks. This paper proposes a game-theoretic approach to evaluate the variations caused by an attacker on the power measurements. Adversaries can gain financial benefits through the manipulation of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Kian Hamedani , Lingjia Liu , Jithin Jagannath , Yang , Yi

This paper is concerned with the reconnaissance game that involves two mobile agents: the Intruder and the Defender. The Intruder is tasked to reconnoiter a territory of interest (target region) and then return to a safe zone (retreat…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-22 Yoonjae Lee , Efstathios Bakolas

This paper proposes a game-theoretic approach to address the problem of optimal sensor placement for detecting cyber-attacks in networked control systems. The problem is formulated as a zero-sum game with two players, namely a malicious…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-30 Anh Tung Nguyen , André M. H. Teixeira , Alexander Medvedev

This paper studies a stochastic game theoretic approach to security and intrusion detection in communication and computer networks. Specifically, an Attacker and a Defender take part in a two-player game over a network of nodes whose…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-03-15 Kien C. Nguyen , Tansu Alpcan , Tamer Basar

Motivated by the controller placement problems in software-defined networks and the fair division principles of classical "cake cutting", we investigate the following two-player zero-sum game. In our model, a defender places a limited…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Grzegorz Gutowski , Konstanty Junosza-Szaniawski , Antonio Lauerbach , Alexander Wolff

We present two zero-sum games modeling situations where one player attacks (or hides in) a finite dimensional nonempty compact set, and the other tries to prevent the attack (or find him). The first game, called patrolling game, corresponds…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-03 Tristan Garrec

In this work, we model Moving Target Defence (MTD) as a partially observable stochastic game between an attacker and a defender. The attacker tries to compromise the system through probing actions, while the defender minimizes the risk by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mandar Datar , Yann Dujardin

We study deception in adversarial graph traversal, where a mobile agent seeks to reach a goal with minimum cost while an adversary alters edge costs to increase the total traversal cost. Unlike prior works that assume fixed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Violetta Rostobaya , James Berneburg , Daigo Shishika

We study zero-sum differential games with state constraints and one-sided information, where the informed player (Player 1) has a categorical payoff type unknown to the uninformed player (Player 2). The goal of Player 1 is to minimize his…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Mukesh Ghimire , Lei Zhang , Zhe Xu , Yi Ren

Conventional language model (LM) safety alignment relies on a reactive, disjoint procedure: attackers exploit a static model, followed by defensive fine-tuning to patch exposed vulnerabilities. This sequential approach creates a mismatch --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Mickel Liu , Liwei Jiang , Yancheng Liang , Simon Shaolei Du , Yejin Choi , Tim Althoff , Natasha Jaques

Ensuring the safety of language models (LMs) while maintaining their usefulness remains a critical challenge in AI alignment. Current approaches rely on sequential adversarial training: generating adversarial prompts and fine-tuning LMs to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Anselm Paulus , Ilia Kulikov , Brandon Amos , Rémi Munos , Ivan Evtimov , Kamalika Chaudhuri , Arman Zharmagambetov

Differential game theory offers an approach for modeling interactions between two or more agents that occur in continuous time. The goal of each agent is to optimize its objective cost functional. In this paper, we present two different…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-04 Craig Bakker , Adam T. Rupe , Alexander Von Moll , Adam R. Gerlach

Pursuit-evasion scenarios appear widely in robotics, security domains, and many other real-world situations. We focus on two-player pursuit-evasion games with concurrent moves, infinite horizon, and discounted rewards. We assume that the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-05 Karel Horák , Branislav Bošanský

Motivated by a vaccination coverage problem, we consider here a zero-sum differential game governed by a differential system consisting of a hyperbolic partial differential equation (PDE) and an ordinary differential equation (ODE). Two…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-12-18 Mauro Garavello , Elena Rossi , Abraham Sylla