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Multilingual language models are trained on a fixed set of languages, and to support new languages, the models need to be retrained from scratch. This is an expensive endeavor and is often infeasible, as model developers tend not to release…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Abraham Toluwase Owodunni , Sachin Kumar

Instruction tuning, a specialized technique to enhance large language model (LLM) performance via instruction datasets, relies heavily on the quality of employed data. Existing quality improvement methods alter instruction data through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Yang Xu , Yongqiang Yao , Yufan Huang , Mengnan Qi , Maoquan Wang , Bin Gu , Neel Sundaresan

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides towards Artificial General Intelligence. However, training these models from scratch requires substantial computational resources and vast amounts of text data. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Wenzhen Zheng , Wenbo Pan , Xu Xu , Libo Qin , Li Yue , Ming Zhou

With the advent of the era of foundation models, pre-training and fine-tuning have become common paradigms. Recently, parameter-efficient fine-tuning has garnered widespread attention due to its better balance between the number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Bin Cheng , Jiaxuan Lu

Recent parameter-efficient language model tuning (PELT) methods manage to match the performance of fine-tuning with much fewer trainable parameters and perform especially well when training data is limited. However, different PELT methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Yuning Mao , Lambert Mathias , Rui Hou , Amjad Almahairi , Hao Ma , Jiawei Han , Wen-tau Yih , Madian Khabsa

Federated learning (FL) is a promising paradigm to enable collaborative model training with decentralized data. However, the training process of Large Language Models (LLMs) generally incurs the update of significant parameters, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Tianshi Che , Ji Liu , Yang Zhou , Jiaxiang Ren , Jiwen Zhou , Victor S. Sheng , Huaiyu Dai , Dejing Dou

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often English-centric due to the disproportionate distribution of languages in their pre-training data. Enhancing non-English language capabilities through post-pretraining often results in catastrophic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Hao Zhou , Zhijun Wang , Shujian Huang , Xin Huang , Xue Han , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Weihua Luo , Jiajun Chen

The application of large language models (LLMs) in domain-specific contexts, including finance, has expanded rapidly. Domain-specific LLMs are typically evaluated based on their performance in various downstream tasks relevant to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Meni Brief , Oded Ovadia , Gil Shenderovitz , Noga Ben Yoash , Rachel Lemberg , Eitam Sheetrit

Multi-lingual competence in large language models is often evaluated via static data benchmarks such as Belebele, M-MMLU and M-GSM. However, these evaluations often fail to provide an adequate understanding of the practical performance and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Victor Ojewale , Inioluwa Deborah Raji , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

Learning paradigms for large language models (LLMs) currently tend to fall within either in-context learning (ICL) or full fine-tuning. Each of these comes with their own trade-offs based on available data, model size, compute cost,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Xinyi Wang , John Wieting , Jonathan H. Clark

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a standard approach to adapting large language models (LLMs) to new domains. In this work, we improve the statistical efficiency of SFT by selecting an informative subset of training examples. Specifically,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Rohan Deb , Kiran Thekumparampil , Kousha Kalantari , Gaurush Hiranandani , Shoham Sabach , Branislav Kveton

A common and effective means for improving language model capabilities involves finetuning a ``student'' language model's parameters on generations from a more proficient ``teacher'' model. Termed ``synthetic data'', these generations are…

Parameter-efficient transfer learning (PETL) has emerged as a flourishing research field for adapting large pre-trained models to downstream tasks, greatly reducing trainable parameters while grappling with memory challenges during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Haiwen Diao , Bo Wan , Xu Jia , Yunzhi Zhuge , Ying Zhang , Huchuan Lu , Long Chen

The goal of Continual Learning (CL) task is to continuously learn multiple new tasks sequentially while achieving a balance between the plasticity and stability of new and old knowledge. This paper analyzes that this insufficiency arises…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Hanxi Xiao , Fan Lyu

Continual Learning (CL) involves fine-tuning pre-trained models with new data while maintaining the performance on the pre-trained data. This is particularly relevant for expanding multilingual ASR (MASR) capabilities. However, existing CL…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Chin Yuen Kwok , Jia Qi Yip , Eng Siong Chng

In-context learning (ICL) is an astonishing emergent ability of large language models (LLMs). By presenting a prompt that includes multiple input-output pairs as examples and introducing a new query input, models can generate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Timothy Chu , Zhao Song , Chiwun Yang

Machine Translation (MT) remains one of the last NLP tasks where large language models (LLMs) have not yet replaced dedicated supervised systems. This work exploits the complementary strengths of LLMs and supervised MT by guiding LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Dayeon Ki , Marine Carpuat

Large Language Models (LLMs) are composed of neurons that exhibit various behaviors and roles, which become increasingly diversified as models scale. Recent studies have revealed that not all neurons are active across different datasets,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Haoyun Xu , Runzhe Zhan , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

Large language models (LLMs) are not amenable to frequent re-training, due to high training costs arising from their massive scale. However, updates are necessary to endow LLMs with new skills and keep them up-to-date with rapidly evolving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Tongtong Wu , Linhao Luo , Yuan-Fang Li , Shirui Pan , Thuy-Trang Vu , Gholamreza Haffari

The integration of speech into Large Language Models (LLMs) has substantially expanded their capabilities, but often at the cost of weakening their core textual competence. This degradation limits the ability of speech-enabled LLMs to fully…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Chao Wang , Rui-Chen Zheng , Yang Ai , Zhen-Hua Ling