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Future launches are projected to significantly increase both the number of active satellites and aggregate collision risk in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). In this paper, a dynamical systems theory approach is used to analyze the effect of launch…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-05 Celina Pasiecznik , Andrea D'Ambrosio , Daniel Jang , Richard Linares

The continuously growing number of objects orbiting around the Earth is expected to be accompanied by an increasing frequency of objects re-entering the Earth's atmosphere. Many of these re-entries will be uncontrolled, making their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Francesco Salmaso , Mirko Trisolini , Camilla Colombo

The rapid increase in the number of space debris represents a substantial threat to the sustained viability of space operations and underscores the importance of understanding long-term drivers of orbital decay. This first of its kind study…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Ayisha M Ashruf , Ankush Bhaskar , C Vineeth , Tarun Kumar Pant

Space resolved concentrations of helium He metastable atoms in an atmospheric pressure radio-frequency micro-plasma jet were measured using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The spatial profile of metastable atoms in the volume…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 B Niermann , T Hemke , N Y Babaeva , M Böke , M J Kushner , T Mussenbrock , J Winter

Atmospheric drag calculation error greatly reduce the low-earth orbit spacecraft trajectory prediction fidelity. To solve the issue, the "correction - prediction" strategy is usually employed. In the method, one parameter is fixed and other…

This paper reviews past research and new studies underway of the local interstellar environment and its changing influence on the heliosphere. The size, shape, and physical properties of the heliosphere outside of the heliopause are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-04-20 Jeffrey Linsky , Seth Redfield , Diana Ryder , Eberhard Moebius

How much of Io's SO$_2$ atmosphere is driven by volcanic outgasing or sublimation of SO$_2$ surface frost is a question with a considerable history. We develop a time dependent surface temperature model including thermal inertia and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-25 A. -C. Dott , J. Saur , S. Schlegel , D. F. Strobel , K. de Kleer , I. de Pater

We investigate satellite orbital drag effects at low-Earth orbit (LEO) associated with thermosphere heating during magnetic storms caused by coronal mass ejections. CHAllenge Mini-satellite Payload (CHAMP) and Gravity Recovery And Climate…

Space Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Denny M. Oliveira , Eftyhia Zesta

The highly dynamic nature of Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks introduces challenges that existing transport protocols fail to address, including non-congestive latency variation and loss, transient congestion hotspots, and frequent…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Aiden Valentine , Ian Wakeman , George Parisis

Low Earth orbits (LEO) are known as a region of high space activity and, consequently, space debris highest density. Launcher upper stages and defunct satellites are the largest space debris objects, whose collisions can result in still…

Space Physics · Physics 2018-01-08 Sergey Efimov , Dmitry Pritykin , Vladislav Sidorenko

The interaction of the heliosphere with interstellar clouds has attracted interest since the late 1920's, both with a view to explaining apparent quasi-periodic climate "catastrophes" as well as periodic mass extinctions. Until recently,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Gary P. Zank , Priscilla C. Frisch

Since the late 1950s, when the first artificial satellite was launched, the number of Resident Space Objects has steadily increased. It is estimated that around one million objects larger than one cm are currently orbiting the Earth, with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-30 Francisco Caldas , Cláudia Soares

As part of the dynamical analysis carried out within the Horizon 2020 ReDSHIFT project, this work analyzes the possible strategies to guide low altitude satellites towards an atmospheric reentry through an impulsive maneuver. We consider a…

Models play an important role in our understanding of the global structure of the solar wind and its interaction with the interstellar medium. A critical ingredient in many types of models are the charge-exchange collisions between ions and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-30 M. Bzowski , J. Heerikhuisen

In real-time and high-resolution Earth observation imagery, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites capture images that are subsequently transmitted to ground to create an updated map of an area of interest. Such maps provide valuable information…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Marc M. Gost , Marco Moretti , Ana Pérez-Neira , Miguel Ángel Vázquez , Petar Popovski , Beatriz Soret

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are leveraged to support new position, navigation, and timing (PNT) service alternatives to GNSS. These alternatives require accurate propagation of satellite position and velocity with a realistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Alex Moody , Penina Axelrad , Rebecca Russell

The intensity and energy spectrum of galactic cosmic rays in the heliosphere are significantly influenced by the 11-year solar cycle, a phenomenon known as solar modulation. Understanding this effect and its underlying physical mechanisms…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-26 David Pelosi , Fernando Barão , Bruna Bertucci , Francesco Faldi , Emanuele Fiandrini , Alejandro Reina Conde , Miguel Orcinha , Nicola Tomassetti

High-resolution ultraviolet observations of nearby bright and faint stars are required to evaluate changes in the past and future galactic environments of the Sun, and the possibly impact of these changes on the interplanetary environment…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. C. Frisch

A model is proposed for determining the distances to falling interstellar clouds in the galactic halo by measuring the cloud velocity and column density and assuming a model for the vertical density distribution of the Galactic interstellar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Robert A. Benjamin , Laura Danly

The evolution of the molecular interstellar medium is controlled by processes such as turbulence, gravity, stellar feedback, and Galactic shear. AL a part of the ISM-6D https://gxli.github.io/ISM-6D/ project, using Gaia astrometric…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-04-13 Ji-Xuan Zhou , Guang-Xing Li , Bing-Qiu Chen