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Bayesian imaging inverse problems in astrophysics and cosmology remain challenging, particularly in low-data regimes, due to complex forward operators and the frequent lack of well-motivated priors for non-Gaussian signals. In this paper,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-06 Sébastien Pierre , Erwan Allys , Pablo Richard , Roman Soletskyi , Alexandros Tsouros

Many applications, such as intermittent data assimilation, lead to a recursive application of Bayesian inference within a Monte Carlo context. Popular data assimilation algorithms include sequential Monte Carlo methods and ensemble Kalman…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-01-15 Sebastian Reich

Data assimilation is an iterative approach to the problem of estimating the state of a dynamical system using both current and past observations of the system together with a model for the system's time evolution. Rather than solving the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 Brian R. Hunt , Eric J. Kostelich , Istvan Szunyogh

We develop an iterative framework for Bayesian inference problems where the posterior distribution may involve computationally intensive models, intractable gradients, significant posterior concentration, and pronounced non-Gaussianity. Our…

Computation · Statistics 2026-03-16 Daniel Sharp , Bart van Bloemen Waanders , Youssef Marzouk

We present a continuation method that entails generating a sequence of transition probability density functions from the prior to the posterior in the context of Bayesian inference for parameter estimation problems. The characterization of…

Computation · Statistics 2019-11-27 Ben Mansour Dia

In this study, we introduce a novel method for generating new synthetic samples that are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) from high-dimensional real-valued probability distributions, as defined implicitly by a set of Ground…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-09 Hamidreza Behjoo , Michael Chertkov

We present Path Integral Sampler~(PIS), a novel algorithm to draw samples from unnormalized probability density functions. The PIS is built on the Schr\"odinger bridge problem which aims to recover the most likely evolution of a diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Qinsheng Zhang , Yongxin Chen

Diffusion bridge models and stochastic interpolants enable high-quality image-to-image (I2I) translation by creating paths between distributions in pixel space. However, the proliferation of techniques based on incompatible mathematical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Shaorong Zhang , Yuanbin Cheng , Greg Ver Steeg

Sampling from the posterior is a key technical problem in Bayesian statistics. Rigorous guarantees are difficult to obtain for Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms of common use. In this paper, we study an alternative class of algorithms…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-26 Andrea Montanari , Yuchen Wu

Motivated by applications in trajectory inference and particle tracking, we introduce Smooth Schr\"odinger Bridges. Our proposal generalizes prior work by allowing the reference process in the Schr\"odinger Bridge problem to be a smooth…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-04 Wanli Hong , Yuliang Shi , Jonathan Niles-Weed

Diffusion models have become the go-to method for large-scale generative models in real-world applications. These applications often involve data distributions confined within bounded domains, typically requiring ad-hoc thresholding…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-09 Wei Deng , Yu Chen , Nicole Tianjiao Yang , Hengrong Du , Qi Feng , Ricky T. Q. Chen

Stochastic differential equations provide a powerful tool for modelling dynamic phenomena affected by random noise. In case of repeated observations of time series for several experimental units, it is often the case that some of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-06 Fernando Baltazar-Larios , Mogens Bladt , Michael Sørensen

A novel Bayesian framework is proposed, which explicitly relates the homography of one video frame to the next through an affine transformation while explicitly modelling keypoint uncertainty. The literature has previously used differential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Paul J. Claasen , J. P. de Villiers

We discuss two topics that we have encountered in our lattice-Boltzmann simulations of complex fluids: the sizes of droplets in particle-stabilised emulsions and deformable particles in fluid flow. The common factor in these seemingly…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-02-10 Stefan Frijters , Timm Krueger , Jens Harting

We present simulation-free score and flow matching ([SF]$^2$M), a simulation-free objective for inferring stochastic dynamics given unpaired samples drawn from arbitrary source and target distributions. Our method generalizes both the…

We study Diffusion Schr\"odinger Bridge (DSB) models in the context of dynamical astrophysical systems, specifically tackling observational inverse prediction tasks within Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) for star formation. We introduce the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-13 Ye Zhu , Duo Xu , Zhiwei Deng , Jonathan C. Tan , Olga Russakovsky

The Bayesian approach to inference stands out for naturally allowing borrowing information across heterogeneous populations, with different samples possibly sharing the same distribution. A popular Bayesian nonparametric model for…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-25 Antonio Lijoi , Igor Prünster , Giovanni Rebaudo

Sequential probabilistic inference from streaming observations requires modeling distributions over future trajectories as new observations arrive. Although diffusion and flow-matching models are effective at capturing high-dimensional,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yinan Huang , Hans Hao-Hsun Hsu , Junran Wang , Bo Dai , Pan Li

Although linear regression models are fundamental tools in statistical science, the estimation results can be sensitive to outliers. While several robust methods have been proposed in frequentist frameworks, statistical inference is not…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-15 Shintaro Hashimoto , Shonosuke Sugasawa

We consider the problem to steer a linear dynamical system with full state observation from an initial gaussian distribution in state-space to a final one with minimum energy control. The system is stochastically driven through the control…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Yongxin Chen , Tryphon Georgiou , Michele Pavon