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Conventional random number generators provide the speed but not necessarily the high quality output streams needed for large-scale stochastic simulations. Cryptographically-based generators, on the other hand, provide superior quality…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-07-17 William K. Cochran , Michael T. Heath , Kyle W. McKiou

Quantum random number generators play a vital role in securing communication and encryption. In the present work, we have produced bright twin beams using four-wave mixing in a double-{\Lambda} configuration in rubidium-85 vapor and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-12 Anirudh Shekar , Chirang R. Patel , Jerin A. Thachil , Ashok Kumar

Random numbers are used in a wide range of sciences. In many applications, generating unpredictable private random numbers is indispensable. Device-independent quantum random number generation is a framework that makes use of the intrinsic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Máté Farkas , Jurij Volčič , Sigurd A. L. Storgaard , Ranyiliu Chen , Laura Mančinska

We present a scheme for a self-testing quantum random number generator. Compared to the fully device-independent model, our scheme requires an extra natural assumption, namely that the mean energy per signal is bounded. The scheme is…

Random numbers form an intrinsic part of modern day computing with applications in a wide variety of fields. But due to their limitations, the use of pseudo random number generators (PRNGs) is certainly not desirable for sensitive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-27 Abhishek Yadav , Sandeep Mishra , Anirban Pathak

An operating system kernel uses cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator for creating address space localization randomization offsets to protect memory addresses to processes from exploration, storing users' password securely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Kunal Abhishek , George Dharma Prakash Raj E

The advantages of quantum random number generators (QRNGs) over pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs) are normally attributed to the nature of quantum measurements. This is often seen as implying the superiority of the sequences of bits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-04 Alastair A. Abbott , Cristian S. Calude , Michael J. Dinneen , Nan Huang

We present a practical high-speed quantum random number generator, where the timing of single-photon detection relative to an external time reference is measured as the raw data. The bias of the raw data can be substantially reduced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-06 You-Qi Nie , Hong-Fei Zhang , Zhen Zhang , Jian Wang , Xiongfeng Ma , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

True random number generator (TRNG) plays a vital role in a variety of security applications and protocols. The security and privacy of an asset rely on the encryption, which solely depends on the quality of random numbers. Memory chips are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-27 B. M. S. Bahar Talukder , Joseph Kerns , Biswajit Ray , Thomas Morris , Md Tauhidur Rahman

Random numbers have significant applications in fundamental science, high-level scientific research, cryptography, and several other areas where there is a pressing need for high-quality random numbers. We present an experimental…

The spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC), an inherently random quantum process, produces a non-deterministic photon-pair with strong temporal and spatial correlations owing to both energy and momentum conservation. Therefore, the…

We propose and experimentally demonstrate the \emph{Quasi-Superposition Quantum-inspired System (QSQS)} -- a conceptual quantum system for randomness generation built on measuring two conjugate observables of a permutation sorting process:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-06 Randy Kuang

Random numbers are an important resource for applications such as numerical simulation and secure communication. However, it is difficult to certify whether a physical random number generator is truly unpredictable. Here, we exploit the…

Random number generation is a key technology that is useful in a variety of ways. Random numbers are often used to generate keys for data encryption. Random numbers generated at a sufficiently long length can encrypt sensitive data and make…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Jacob Hammond

Random number generators are essential to ensure performance in information technologies, including cryptography, stochastic simulations and massive data processing. The quality of random numbers ultimately determines the security and…

Random number generation is fundamental for many modern applications including cryptography, simulations and machine learning. Traditional pseudo-random numbers may offer statistical unpredictability, but are ultimately deterministic. On…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-11 Andrzej Gnatowski , Jarosław Rudy , Teodor Niżyński , Krzysztof Święcicki

We report a novel quantum random number generator based on the photon-number$-$path entangled state which is prepared via two-photon quantum interference at a beam splitter. The randomness in our scheme is of truly quantum mechanical origin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-18 Osung Kwon , Young-Wook Cho , Yoon-Ho Kim

We experimentally demonstrate a real-time quantum random number generator by using a room-temperature single-photon emitter from the defect in a commercial gallium nitride wafer. Thanks to the brightness of our single photon emitter, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-28 Qing Luo , Zedi Cheng , Junkai Fan , Lijuan Tan , Haizhi Song , Guangwei Deng , You Wang , Qiang Zhou

Device and semi-device independent quantum randomness generators (DI- and SDI-QRNGs) are crucial for applications requiring private randomness. However, they are vulnerable to detection inefficiency attacks and this limits severely their…

Random number generation (RNG) is a crucial element in security protocols, and its performance and reliability are critical for the safety and integrity of digital systems. This is especially true in 5G networks with many devices with low…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Ferhat Ozgur Catak , Evren Catak , Ogerta Elezaj