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Humans understand the world through the integration of multiple sensory modalities, enabling them to perceive, reason about, and imagine dynamic physical processes. Inspired by this capability, multimodal foundation models (MFMs) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Xuehai He

Artificial intelligence for graphs has achieved remarkable success in modeling complex systems, ranging from dynamic networks in biology to interacting particle systems in physics. However, the increasingly heterogeneous graph datasets call…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Yasha Ektefaie , George Dasoulas , Ayush Noori , Maha Farhat , Marinka Zitnik

The rapid advancement of remote sensing foundation models, particularly vision and multimodal models, has significantly enhanced the capabilities of intelligent geospatial data interpretation. These models combine various data modalities,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Ziyue Huang , Hongxi Yan , Qiqi Zhan , Shuai Yang , Mingming Zhang , Chenkai Zhang , YiMing Lei , Zeming Liu , Qingjie Liu , Yunhong Wang

Human perception of the empirical world involves recognizing the diverse appearances, or 'modalities', of underlying objects. Despite the longstanding consideration of this perspective in philosophy and cognitive science, the study of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Zhou Lu

Fueled by breakthrough technology developments, the biological, biomedical, and behavioral sciences are now collecting more data than ever before. There is a critical need for time- and cost-efficient strategies to analyze and interpret…

Connecting text and visual modalities plays an essential role in generative intelligence. For this reason, inspired by the success of large language models, significant research efforts are being devoted to the development of Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Davide Caffagni , Federico Cocchi , Luca Barsellotti , Nicholas Moratelli , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

Multimodal learning aims to build models that can process and relate information from multiple modalities. Despite years of development in this field, it still remains challenging to design a unified network for processing various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Yiyuan Zhang , Kaixiong Gong , Kaipeng Zhang , Hongsheng Li , Yu Qiao , Wanli Ouyang , Xiangyu Yue

In an era defined by the explosive growth of data and rapid technological advancements, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) stand at the forefront of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Designed to seamlessly integrate diverse data…

Machine Learning algorithms have had a profound impact on the field of computer science over the past few decades. These algorithms performance is greatly influenced by the representations that are derived from the data in the learning…

We compile baselines, along with dataset split, for multimodal sentiment analysis. In this paper, we explore three different deep-learning based architectures for multimodal sentiment classification, each improving upon the previous.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Soujanya Poria , Navonil Majumder , Devamanyu Hazarika , Erik Cambria , Alexander Gelbukh , Amir Hussain

Tactile sensing is a fundamental modality for embodied intelligence, offering unique and direct feedback on contact geometry, material properties, and interaction dynamics that remote sensors cannot replace. However, unimodal tactile…

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the taxonomy and evolution of multimodal foundation models that demonstrate vision and vision-language capabilities, focusing on the transition from specialist models to general-purpose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Chunyuan Li , Zhe Gan , Zhengyuan Yang , Jianwei Yang , Linjie Li , Lijuan Wang , Jianfeng Gao

Multimodal Mathematical Reasoning (MMR) has recently attracted increasing attention for its capability to solve mathematical problems involving both textual and visual modalities. However, current models still face significant challenges in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Tianyu Yang , Sihong Wu , Yilun Zhao , Zhenwen Liang , Lisen Dai , Chen Zhao , Minhao Cheng , Arman Cohan , Xiangliang Zhang

Multimodal Federated Learning (MFL) lies at the intersection of two pivotal research areas: leveraging complementary information from multiple modalities to improve downstream inference performance and enabling distributed training to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yuanzhe Peng , Jieming Bian , Lei Wang , Yin Huang , Jie Xu

Designing and building automated systems with which people can interact naturally is one of the emerging objective of Mechatronics. In this perspective multimodality and adaptivity represent focal issues, enabling users to communicate more…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Fernando Ferri , Arianna D'Ulizia , Patrizia Grifoni

Multimodal learning assumes all modality combinations of interest are available during training to learn cross-modal correspondences. In this paper, we challenge this modality-complete assumption for multimodal learning and instead strive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yunhua Zhang , Hazel Doughty , Cees G. M. Snoek

Transformer is a promising neural network learner, and has achieved great success in various machine learning tasks. Thanks to the recent prevalence of multimodal applications and big data, Transformer-based multimodal learning has become a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Peng Xu , Xiatian Zhu , David A. Clifton

Foundation models have transformed natural language processing and computer vision, and their impact is now reshaping remote sensing image analysis. With powerful generalization and transfer learning capabilities, they align naturally with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Liling Yang , Ning Chen , Jun Yue , Yidan Liu , Jiayi Ma , Pedram Ghamisi , Antonio Plaza , Leyuan Fang

Deep learning has been the subject of growing interest in recent years. Specifically, a specific type called Multimodal learning has shown great promise for solving a wide range of problems in domains such as language, vision, audio, etc.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Sushil Thapa

Reasoning lies at the heart of intelligence, shaping the ability to make decisions, draw conclusions, and generalize across domains. In artificial intelligence, as systems increasingly operate in open, uncertain, and multimodal…