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3D NAND flash memory with advanced multi-level cell techniques provides high storage density, but suffers from significant performance degradation due to a large number of read-retry operations. Although the read-retry mechanism is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Jisung Park , Myungsuk Kim , Myoungjun Chun , Lois Orosa , Jihong Kim , Onur Mutlu

The energy consumption of DRAM is a critical concern in modern computing systems. Improvements in manufacturing process technology have allowed DRAM vendors to lower the DRAM supply voltage conservatively, which reduces some of the DRAM…

The practical NAND flash memory suffers from various non-stationary noises that are difficult to be predicted. Furthermore, the data retention noise induced channel offset is unknown during the readback process. This severely affects the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Zhen Mei , Kui Cai , Xuan He

Magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) is a promising memory technology due to its high density, non-volatility, and high endurance. However, achieving high memory fidelity incurs significant write-energy costs, which should be reduced for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Yongjune Kim , Yoocharn Jeon , Cyril Guyot , Yuval Cassuto

In this paper, we introduce a new practical and general method for solving the main problem of designing the capacity approaching, optimal rate, irregular low-density parity-check (LDPC) code ensemble over binary erasure channel (BEC).…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 H. Tavakoli , M. Ahmadian Attari , M. Reza Peyghami

NAND flash memory is ubiquitous in everyday life today because its capacity has continuously increased and cost has continuously decreased over decades. This positive growth is a result of two key trends: (1) effective process technology…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Yu Cai , Saugata Ghose , Erich F. Haratsch , Yixin Luo , Onur Mutlu

Flash-based disk caches, for example Bcache and Flashcache, has gained tremendous popularity in industry in the last decade because of its low energy consumption, non-volatile nature and high I/O speed. But these cache systems have a worse…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Chaos Dong , Fang Wang , Jianshun Zhang

The speed of modern digital systems is severely limited by memory latency (the ``Memory Wall'' problem). Data exchange between Logic and Memory is also responsible for a large part of the system energy consumption. Logic--In--Memory (LiM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Fabrizio Ottati , Giovanna Turvani , Marco Vacca , Guido Masera

This paper summarizes our work on experimental characterization and analysis of reduced-voltage operation in modern DRAM chips, which was published in SIGMETRICS 2017, and examines the work's significance and future potential. We take a…

Due to increasing cache sizes and large leakage consumption of SRAM device, conventional SRAM caches contribute significantly to the processor power consumption. Recently researchers have used non-volatile memory devices to design caches,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-05-01 Sparsh Mittal

Crossbar arrays using emerging non-volatile memory technologies such as Resistive RAM (ReRAM) offer high density, fast access speed and low-power. However the bandwidth of the crossbar is limited to single-bit read/write per access to avoid…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-06-03 Mohammad Nasim Imtiaz Khan , Swaroop Ghosh , Radha Krishna Aluru , Rashmi Jha

Raw bit errors are common in NAND flash memory and will increase in the future. These errors reduce flash reliability and limit the lifetime of a flash memory device. We aim to improve flash reliability with a multitude of low-cost…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Yixin Luo

NAND flash memory is ubiquitous in everyday life today because its capacity has continuously increased and cost has continuously decreased over decades. This positive growth is a result of two key trends: (1) effective process technology…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Yu Cai , Saugata Ghose , Erich F. Haratsch , Yixin Luo , Onur Mutlu

In this paper, we present a novel way for solving the main problem of designing the capacity approaching irregular low-density parity-check (LDPC) code ensemble over binary erasure channel (BEC). The proposed method is much simpler, faster,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-02 H. Tavakoli , M. Ahmadian Attari , M. R. Peyghami

We propose an improved scheme for low-power writing of binary bits in non-volatile (multiferroic) magnetic memory with electrically generated mechanical stress. Compared to an earlier idea [Tiercelin, et al., J. Appl. Phys., 109, 07D726…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Ayan K. Biswas , Supriyo Bandyopadhyay , Jayasimha Atulasimha

As transistor-based memory technologies like dynamic random access memory (DRAM) approach their scalability limits, the need to explore alternative storage solutions becomes increasingly urgent. Phase-change memory (PCM) has gained…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mahek Desai , Rowena Quinn , Marjan Asadinia

In this paper, we investigate novel strategies for generating rate-compatible (RC) irregular low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with short/moderate block lengths. We propose three puncturing and two extension schemes, which are designed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-07-22 J. Liu , R. C. de Lamare

In this work, we propose a novel coding scheme which based on the characteristics of NAND flash cells, generates codewords that reduce the energy consumption and improve the reliability of solid-state drives. This novel coding scheme,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-08 Armin Ahmadzadeh , Omid Hajihassani , Pooria Taheri , Seyed Hossein Khasteh

Phase-change memory (PCM) is a scalable and low latency non-volatile memory (NVM) technology that has been proposed to serve as storage class memory (SCM), providing low access latency similar to DRAM and often approaching or exceeding the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Shihao Song , Anup Das

Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) cells are used in neuromorphic hardware to store model parameters, which are programmed as resistance states. NVMs suffer from the read disturb issue, where the programmed resistance state drifts upon repeated…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Ankita Paul , Shihao Song , Twisha Titirsha , Anup Das