Related papers: Thermodynamic fluctuation theorems govern human se…
The fluctuation theorem is the fundamental equality in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that is used to derive many important thermodynamic relations, such as the second law of thermodynamics and the Jarzynski equality. Recently, the…
We analyze the validity of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for slow relaxation systems in the context of mesoscopic nonequilibrium thermodynamics. We demonstrate that the violation arises as a natural consequence of the elimination of…
Adaptation in a fluctuating environment is a process of fueling environmental information to gain fitness. Living systems have gradually developed strategies for adaptation from random and passive diversification of the phenotype to more…
In this work, we have studied simple models that can be solved analytically to illustrate various fluctuation theorems. These fluctuation theorems provide symmetries individually to the distributions of physical quantities like the…
Learning in neural systems occurs through change in synaptic connectivity that is driven by neural activity. Learning performance is influenced by both neural activity and the task to be learned. Experimental studies suggest a link between…
A generalized fluctuation-response relation is found for thermal systems driven out of equilibrium. Its derivation is independent of many details of the dynamics, which is only required to be first-order. The result gives a correction to…
The second law of thermodynamics posits that in closed macroscopic systems the rate of entropy production must be positive. However, small systems can exhibit negative entropy production over short timescales, seemingly in contradiction…
We have studied the nature of classical work ($W_{c}$) and thermodynamic work ($W$) fluctuations in systems driven out of equilibrium both in transient and time periodic steady state. As the observation time of trajectory increases, we show…
The fluctuation-dissipation theorem is a fundamental result in statistical physics that establishes a connection between the response of a system subject to a perturbation and the fluctuations associated with observables in equilibrium.…
We study nonequilibrium fluctuation theorems in the presence of a time-reversal symmetry-breaking field and nonconservative forces, in a stochastic as well as a deterministic set up. We consider a system and a heat bath, called the combined…
Fluctuation theorems are fundamental extensions of the second law of thermodynamics for small systems. Their general validity arbitrarily far from equilibrium makes them invaluable in nonequilibrium physics. So far, experimental studies of…
To better characterize the statistical processes underlying human decision-making, we performed experiments where human participants visualized fluctuations of physical nonequilibrium stationary states, and we analyzed responses in the…
Recent research has extended methods from the fields of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics into other disciplines. Most notably, one recent work creates a unified theoretical framework to understand evolutionary biology, machine…
A general fluctuational-electrodynamic theory is developed to investigate radiative heat exchanges between objects which are assumed small compared with their thermal wavelength (dipolar approximation) in N-body systems immersed in a…
We illustrate recent results concerning the validity of the work fluctuation theorem in open quantum systems [M. Campisi, P. Talkner, and P. H\"{a}nggi, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 102}, 210401 (2009)], by applying them to a solvable model of an…
Impact phenomena of small clusters subject to thermal fluctuations are numerically investigated. From the molecular dynamics simulation for colliding two identical clusters, it is found that the restitution coefficient for head-on…
Biological populations are subject to fluctuating environmental conditions. Different adaptive strategies can allow them to cope with these fluctuations: specialization to one particular environmental condition, adoption of a generalist…
Fluctuation theorems have become an important tool in single molecule biophysics to measure free energy differences from non-equilibrium experiments. When significant coarse-graining or noise affect the measurements, the determination of…
Motor adaptation is a learning process that enables humans to regain proficiency when sensorimotor conditions are sustainably altered. Many studies have documented the properties of motor adaptation, yet the underlying mechanisms of motor…
Reinforcement Learning offers a framework to learn to choose actions in order to achieve some goal. However, at the nano-scale, thermal fluctuations hamper the learning process. We analyze this regime using the general framework of Markov…