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The Ekert 91 quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol appears to be secure whatever devices legitimate users adopt for the protocol, as long as the devices give a result that violates Bell's inequality. However, this is not the case if they…
Traditional quantum random number generators can produce only one type of random number, while the optimal distribution of random numbers for different applications is usually distinct. The typical solution to this challenge is either using…
In recent decades, quantum technologies have made significant strides toward achieving quantum utility. However, practical applications are hindered by challenges related to scaling the number of qubits and the depth of circuits. In this…
Quantum physics exhibits an intrinsic and private form of randomness with no classical counterpart. Any setup for quantum randomness generation involves measurements acting on quantum states. In this work, we consider the following…
We show that in device independent quantum key distribution protocols the privacy of randomness is of crucial importance. For sublinear test sample sizes even the slightest guessing probability by an eavesdropper will completely compromise…
A long sequence of tosses of a classical coin produces an apparently random bit string, but classical randomness is an illusion: the algorithmic information content of a classically-generated bit string lies almost entirely in the…
Rydberg atom arrays are powerful platforms for studying quantum many-body systems. We consider the Rydberg-Ising Hamiltonian on periodic chains and numerically study ensembles of states generated by random global pulse sequences subject to…
This is a review of the issue of randomness in quantum mechanics, with special emphasis on its ambiguity; for example, randomness has different antipodal relationships to determinism, computability, and compressibility. Following a…
In this paper, we show an interesting connection between a quantum sampling technique and quantum uncertainty. Namely, we use the quantum sampling technique, introduced by Bouman and Fehr, to derive a novel entropic uncertainty relation…
Producing quantum states at random has become increasingly important in modern quantum science, with applications both theoretical and practical. In particular, ensembles of such randomly-distributed, but pure, quantum states underly our…
Randomness is a critical resource of modern cryptosystems. Quantum mechanics offers the best properties of an entropy source in terms of unpredictability. However, these sources are often fragile and can fail silently. Therefore,…
Continuous-variable quantum cryptographic systems, including random number generation and key distribution, are often based on coherent detection. The essence of the security analysis lies in the randomness quantification. Previous analyses…
Quantum randomness can be certified from probabilistic behaviors demonstrating Bell nonlocality or Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering, leveraging outcomes from uncharacterized devices. However, such nonlocal correlations are not always…
Detection of entanglement in quantum networks consisting of many parties is one of the important steps towards building quantum communication and computation networks. We consider a scenario where the measurement devices used for this…
Results on the hardness of approximate sampling are seen as important stepping stones towards a convincing demonstration of the superior computational power of quantum devices. The most prominent suggestions for such experiments include…
Boltzmann sampling is commonly used to uniformly sample objects of a particular size from large combinatorial sets. For this technique to be effective, one needs to prove that (1) the sampling procedure is efficient and (2) objects of the…
Measuring quantum states provides means to generate genuine random numbers. It has been shown that genuine randomness can be obtained even with an uncharacterized quantum source. In this work, we propose a framework that formalizes the idea…
Random number generation is crucial in many aspects of everyday life, as online security and privacy depend ultimately on the quality of random numbers. Many current implementations are based on pseudo-random number generators, but…
Random numbers are important in many activities, including communication, encryption, science, gambling, finance, and decision-making. There is a strong demand for a hardware random number generator that could support cryptographic…
Do completely unpredictable events exist in nature? Classical theory, being fully deterministic, completely excludes fundamental randomness. On the contrary, quantum theory allows for randomness within its axiomatic structure. Yet, the fact…