Related papers: Collatz map as a non-singular transformation

We reduce the Collatz conjecture to a fixed-modulus, one-bit orbit-mixing problem. Working with the compressed odd-to-odd Collatz map, we prove exact low-depth decomposition formulas at depths K = 3, 4, 5, reducing block-discrepancy terms…

We prove several cases of Zimmer's conjecture for actions of higher-rank cocompact lattices on low dimensional manifolds. For example, if $\Gamma$ is a cocompact lattice in $\mathrm{Sl}(n, \mathbb R)$, $M$ is a compact manifold, and…

Let $(X,\mu,T,d)$ be a metric measure-preserving dynamical system such that $3$-fold correlations decay exponentially for Lipschitz continuous observables. Given a sequence $(M_k)$ that converges to $0$ slowly enough, we obtain a strong…

Let $s(n)$ denote the number of ones in the binary expansion of a natural number $n\in\mathbb{N}$. For any $t\in\mathbb{N}$ and $d\in\mathbb{Z}$, let $\mu_t(d)$ denote the asymptotic density of the set of those natural numbers $n$ for which…

Let T:=[T_1,..., T_n] be an n-tuple of operators on a Hilbert space such that T is a completely non-coisometric row contraction. We establish the existence of a "one-to-one" correspondence between the joint invariant subspaces under…

This note studies parity vectors and paradoxical sequences in the accelerated Collatz iteration $T(n) = (3n+1)/2$ for $n$ odd, $T(n) = n/2$ for $n$ even. Building on Rozier and Terracol (arXiv:2502.00948, 2025), Terras (1976), Lagarias…

Assume that $\mathfrak A$ is a real Banach space of finite dimension $n\geq2$. Consider any Borel probability measure $\nu$ supported on the unit ball $K$ of $\mathfrak A$. We show that \[\Delta(\nu)=\int_{x \in K}\int_{ y\in…

Let $(M,g)$ be a compact, connected Riemannian manifold of dimension $n\ge 2$, and let $\{e_j\}_{j=0}^\infty$ be an orthonormal basis of Laplace eigenfunctions $-\Delta_g e_j=\lambda_j^2 e_j$. Given a finite Borel measure $\mu$ on $M$,…

For univalent and normalized functions $f$ the logarithmic coefficients $\gamma_n(f)$ are determined by the formula $\log(f(z)/z)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}2\gamma_n(f)z^n$. In the paper \cite{Pon} the authors posed the conjecture that a locally…

Let $\tau: I=[0, 1]\to [0, 1]$ be a piecewise convex map with countably infinite number of branches. In \cite{GIR}, the existence of absolutely continuous invariant measure (ACIM) $\mu$ for $\tau$ and the exactness of the system $(\tau,…

We consider densities $D_\Sigma(A)$, $\overline{D}_\Sigma(A)$ and $\underline{D}_\Sigma(A)$ for a subset $A$ of $\mathbb{N}$ with respect to a sequence $\Sigma$ of finite subsets of $\mathbb{N}$ and study Fourier coefficients of ergodic,…

We establish an equivalent condition to the validity of the Collatz conjecture, using elementary methods. We derive some conclusions and show several examples of our results. We also offer a variety of exercises, problems and conjectures.

In 1937, Lothar Collatz conjectured that the sequence generated by the rule $f(n)=3n+1$ for $n\in\mathbb{N}$ odd, $f(n)=n/2$ for $n\in\mathbb{N}$ even, starting in any positive integer $n$ produces $1$. This is equivalent to (1) there are…

In this paper, we construct a class of random measures $\mu^{\mathbf{n}}$ by infinite convolutions. Given infinitely many admissible pairs $\{(N_{k}, B_{k})\}_{k=1}^{\infty}$ and a positive integral sequence…

Fix $c\in (1,23/22)$. Let $\alpha$ and $\beta$ be two distinct non-zero real numbers with $|\alpha|\neq |\beta|$. It is shown that for any measure preserving system $(X,\mathcal{X},\mu,T)$ and any $f,g\in L^{\infty}(\mu)$, the limit…

Consider an $N\times n$ random matrix $Y_n=(Y^n_{ij})$ where the entries are given by $Y^n_{ij}=\frac{\sigma_{ij}(n)}{\sqrt{n}}X^n_{ij}$, the $X^n_{ij}$ being independent and identically distributed, centered with unit variance and…

The counting function for the numbers satisfying the Collatz conjecture is studied. A related exponential congruence equation is investigated, yielding a method to construct its solutions from free variables, and enabling us to find at…

We study a random dynamical system such that one transformation is randomly selected from a family of transformations and then applied on each iteration. For such random dynamical systems, we consider estimates of absolutely continuous…

Collatz conjecture is generalized to $3n+3^k$ ($k\in N$). Operating as usual, every sequence seems to reach $3^k$ and end up in the loop $3^k, 4.3^k, 2.3^k,3^k$. The usual $3n+1$ conjecture is recovered for $k=0$. For $k>0$, we noticed the…

We consider a uniformly elliptic operator $L_A$ in divergence form associated with an $(n+1)\times(n+1)$-matrix $A$ with real, merely bounded, and possibly non-symmetric coefficients. If $$\omega_A(r)=\sup_{x\in \mathbb{R}^{n+1}}…