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Low-fidelity analytical models of turbine wakes have traditionally been used for wind farm planning, performance evaluation, and demonstrating the utility of advanced control algorithms in increasing the annual energy production. In…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-08-26 Aditya H. Bhatt , Federico Bernardoni , Stefano Leonardi , Armin Zare

This work presents a combined feedforward-feedback wake redirection framework for wind farm control. The FLORIS wake model, a control-oriented steady-state wake model is used to calculate optimal yaw angles for a given wind farm layout and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-23 Steffen Raach , Bart Doekemeijer , Sjoerd Boersma , Jan-Willem van Wingerden , Po Wen Cheng

The increasing integration of wind generation is accompanied with a growing concern about secure and reliable power system operation. Due to the intermittent nature of wind, the base-load units need to cycle significantly more than they…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-05-20 Ahmad Shabir Ahmadyar , Gregor Verbic

We develop a methodology for combined power and loads optimization by coupling a surrogate loads model with an analytical quasi-static Gaussian wake merging model. The look-up table based fatigue model is developed offline through a series…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-22 Ishaan Sood , Christophe del Fosse et d'Espierres , Johan Meyers

In this study, we present an improved formulation for the wake-added turbulence to enhance the accuracy of intra-farm and farm-to-farm wake modeling through analytical frameworks. Our goal is to address the tendency of a commonly used…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-11 Navid Zehtabiyan-Rezaie , Josephine Perto Justsen , Mahdi Abkar

Wind farms can increase annual energy production (AEP) with advanced control algorithms by coordinating the set points of individual turbine controllers across the farm. However, it remains a significant challenge to achieve performance…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-18 Yi Guo , Mario Rotea , Tyler Summers

Wind turbines operating within wind farms experience complex aerodynamic loading arising from the interplay between wake-induced velocity deficits, enhanced turbulence, and varying operational conditions. Understanding the relationship…

Wake steering, the intentional yaw misalignment of certain turbines in an array, has demonstrated potential as a wind farm control approach to increase collective power. Existing algorithms optimize the yaw misalignment angle set-points…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-06-19 Michael F. Howland

To design and optimize arrays of vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) for maximal power density and minimal wake losses, a careful consideration of the inherently three-dimensional structure of the wakes of these turbines in real operating…

Wind farm control using dynamic concepts is a research topic that is receiving an increasing amount of interest. The main concept of this approach is that dynamic variations of the wind turbine control settings lead to higher wake…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-09 Joeri Alexis Frederik , Bart Matthijs Doekemeijer , Sebastiaan Paul Mulders , Jan-Willem van Wingerden

Accurately modeling wind turbine wakes is essential for optimizing wind farm performance but remains a persistent challenge. While the dynamic wake meandering (DWM) model captures unsteady wake behavior, it suffers from near-wake…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-18 Ding Wang , Dachuan Feng , Kangcheng Zhou , Yuntian Chen , Shijun Liao , Shiyi Chen

We apply the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to large eddy simulation data of a wind turbine wake in a turbulent atmospheric boundary layer. The turbine is modeled as an actuator disk. Our analyis mainly focuses on the question…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-03-11 David Bastine , Björn Witha , Matthias Wächter , Joachim Peinke

In wind farms, wake interaction leads to losses in power capture and accelerated structural degradation when compared to freestanding turbines. One method to reduce wake losses is by misaligning the rotor with the incoming flow using its…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Bart M Doekemeijer , Paul A Fleming , Jan-Willem van Wingerden

Wind farm flow control has been a key research focus in recent years, driven by the idea that a collectively operating wind farm can outperform individually controlled turbines. Control strategies are predominantly applied in an open-loop…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Marcus Becker , Maarten J. van den Broek , Dries Allaerts , Jan-Willem van Wingerden

Wind turbines operating in the atmospheric boundary layer are constantly exposed to time-varying flow conditions. These disturbances often occur on similar time scales to wind-turbine controllers, which may interfere with wind-farm control…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-23 Nathaniel J. Wei , Adina Y. Fleisher , John W. Kurelek , Marcus N. Hultmark

Due to the fluctuating nature of the wind and the increasing use of wind energy as a power source, wind power will have an increasing negative influence on the stability of the power grid. In this paper, a model predictive control strategy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-14 Valentijn van de Scheur , Sjoerd Boersma

This work focuses on the validation of the dynamic wake meandering (DWM) model against large eddy simulation (LES). The wake deficit, mean deflection, and meandering under different wind turbine misalignment angles in yaw and tilt, for the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-03 Irene Rivera-Arreba , Zhaobin Li , Xiaolei Yang , Erin E. Bachynski-Polić

Traditional wind farm control operates each turbine independently to maximize individual power output. However, coordinated wake steering across the entire farm can substantially increase the combined wind farm energy production. Although…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-26 Andrew Mole , Max Weissenbacher , Georgios Rigas , Sylvain Laizet

Accurate, efficient prediction of wind flow with wake effects is crucial for wind-farm layout and power forecasting. Existing approaches-physical measurements, numerical simulations, physics-based models, and data-driven models-face…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-09-26 Dong Xu , Zhaobin Li , Xiaolei Yang , Peng Hou , Bruno Carmo , Xuerui Mao

This paper presents a computationally efficient, linearised numerical method for modelling aerodynamic interactions between wind farms. The linearised two-dimensional incompressible equations are solved using Fourier transforms in the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-07 Alexia Everley , Hossein A. Kafiabad , Majid Bastankhah