English
Related papers

Related papers: Odd Prime Graph Labelings

200 papers

An odd coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper coloring such that any non-isolated vertex in $G$ has a coloring appears odd times on its neighbors. The odd chromatic number, denoted by $\chi_o(G)$, is the minimum number of colors that admits an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-29 Runrun Liu , Weifan Wang , Gexin Yu

We call an oriented odd cycle alternating if it has exactly one vertex whose in-degree and out-degree are both positive. In this paper, we investigate whether certain graphs admit an orientation that avoids alternating odd cycles as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-27 Nóra Almási , Gábor Simonyi

We show that any connected regular graph with $d+1$ distinct eigenvalues and odd-girth $2d+1$ is distance-regular, and in particular that it is a generalized odd graph.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-02-13 Edwin R. van Dam , Willem H. Haemers

We study the basic properties of a prime sum graph, which is a simple graph defined on $\mathbb N$ where two vertices are adjacent if and only if their sum is a prime number. Further, we investigate some specific structures that appear…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-11 Ernest Croot , Patrick Jin

The odd colouring number is a new graph parameter introduced by Petru\v{s}evski and \v{S}krekovski. In this note, we show that graphs with so called product structure have bounded odd-colouring number. By known results on the product…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-28 Vida Dujmović , Pat Morin , Saeed Odak

A proper vertex coloring $\varphi$ of graph $G$ is said to be odd if for each non-isolated vertex $x\in V(G)$ there exists a color $c$ such that $\varphi^{-1}(c)\cap N(x)$ is odd-sized. The minimum number of colors in any odd coloring of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-21 Yair Caro , Mirko Petruševski , Riste Škrekovski

Let $G$ be a finite simple graph with edge ideal $I(G)$. Let $J(G)$ denote the Alexander dual of $I(G)$. We show that a description of all induced cycles of odd length in $G$ is encoded in the associated primes of $J(G)^2$. This result…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2010-01-08 Christopher A. Francisco , Huy Tai Ha , Adam Van Tuyl

It is well-known that an undirected graph has no odd cycle if and only if it is bipartite. A less obvious, but similar result holds for directed graphs: a strongly connected digraph has no odd cycle if and only if it is bipartite. Can this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-02 Gregory Gutin , Bin Sheng , Magnus Wahlström

A proper labeling of a graph is an assignment of integers to some elements of a graph, which may be the vertices, the edges, or both of them, such that we obtain a proper vertex coloring via the labeling subject to some conditions. The…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Ali Dehghan , Mohammad-Reza Sadeghi , Arash Ahadi

An odd wheel graph is a graph formed by connecting a new vertex to all vertices of an odd cycle. We answer a question of Rosenfeld and Le by showing that odd wheels cannot be drawn in the plane such that the lengths of the edges are odd…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Gábor Damásdi

In this paper, we discuss difference labeling of some standard families of graphs. We prove that Star, Butterfly, Bistar, umbrella and Olive tree are difference graphs. We also introduce difference labelings for some snakes (double…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-19 M. A. Seoud , M. M. Farid , M. Anwar

A graph is distance magic if it admits a bijective labeling of its vertices by integers from $1$ up to the order of the graph in such a way that the sum of the labels of all the neighbors of a vertex is independent of a given vertex. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Petr Kovář , Ksenija Rozman , Primož Šparl

In this paper, we introduce the notion of 2-boundary planar graphs. A graph is 2-boundary planar if it has an embedding in the plane so that all vertices lie on the boundary of at most two faces and no edges are crossed. A proper coloring…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-07 Weichan Liu , Mengke Qi , Xin Zhang

An oriented hypergraph is a hypergraph where each vertex-edge incidence is given a label of $+1$ or $-1$. The adjacency and Laplacian eigenvalues of an oriented hypergraph are studied. Eigenvalue bounds for both the adjacency and Laplacian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-18 Nathan Reff

A graph $G$ is primarily orientable if it is possible to orient its edges in such a way that the resulting oriented graph is prime, i.e., indecomposable under modular decomposition. We characterize primarily orientable graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-14 Houmem Belkhechine

In this paper we investigate families of connected graphs which do not contain an odd cycle in their complement. Specifically, we consider graphs formed by two complete graphs connected in a particular way. We determine which of these…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-27 Jacob Laubacher , Mark Medwid

In this paper, we investigate odd graceful graph, odd strongly harmonious graph, bipartite graph and their relationship. We proved following results: (1) if G is odd strongly harmonious graph, then G is odd graceful graph ;(2) if G is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-06 Xiuying Wang , Ying Zhoua , Haihong Wanga , Chunfeng Liu

In this paper, we investigate the ratio of the numbers of odd and even cycles in outerplanar graphs. We verify that the ratio generally diverges to infinity as the order of a graph diverges to infinity. We also give sharp estimations of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-07 Akihiro Higashitani , Naoki Matsumoto

A \emph{directional labeling} of an edge $\emph{uv}$ in a graph $G=(V,E)$ by an ordered pair $ab$ is a labeling of the edge $uv$ such that the label on $uv$ in the direction from $u$ to $v$ is $\ell(uv)=ab$, and $\ell(vu)=ba$. New…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-02 E. Sampathkumar , M. A. Sriraj

Binary classification problems can be naturally modeled as bipartite graphs, where we attempt to classify right nodes based on their left adjacencies. We consider the case of labeled bipartite graphs in which some labels and edges are not…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-13 R. W. R. Darling , Mark L. Velednitsky