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Named entity recognition (NER) models generally perform poorly when large training datasets are unavailable for low-resource domains. Recently, pre-training a large-scale language model has become a promising direction for coping with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Zihan Liu , Feijun Jiang , Yuxiang Hu , Chen Shi , Pascale Fung

This paper proposes a transformer over transformer framework, called Transformer$^2$, to perform neural text segmentation. It consists of two components: bottom-level sentence encoders using pre-trained transformers, and an upper-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Kelvin Lo , Yuan Jin , Weicong Tan , Ming Liu , Lan Du , Wray Buntine

Recent studies on domain-specific BERT models show that effectiveness on downstream tasks can be improved when models are pretrained on in-domain data. Often, the pretraining data used in these models are selected based on their subject…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Xiang Dai , Sarvnaz Karimi , Ben Hachey , Cecile Paris

Text readability assessment has a wide range of applications for different target people, from language learners to people with disabilities. The fast pace of textual content production on the web makes it impossible to measure text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Salar Mohtaj , Babak Naderi , Sebastian Möller , Faraz Maschhur , Chuyang Wu , Max Reinhard

The Transformer architecture deeply changed the natural language processing, outperforming all previous state-of-the-art models. However, well-known Transformer models like BERT, RoBERTa, and GPT-2 require a huge compute budget to create a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Luca Di Liello , Matteo Gabburo , Alessandro Moschitti

Applying deep learning and computational intelligence to finance has been a popular area of applied research, both within academia and industry, and continues to attract active attention. The inherently high volatility and non-stationary of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Michael Charles Albada , Mojolaoluwa Joshua Sonola

This paper investigates efficient methods for utilizing text-only data to improve speech recognition, focusing on encoder-dominated models that facilitate faster recognition. We provide a comprehensive comparison of techniques to integrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Albert Zeyer , Tim Posielek , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

BERT achieves remarkable results in text classification tasks, it is yet not fully exploited, since only the last layer is used as a representation output for downstream classifiers. The most recent studies on the nature of linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Charaf Eddine Benarab , Shenglin Gui

The ubiquity of the contemporary language understanding tasks gives relevance to the development of generalized, yet highly efficient models that utilize all knowledge, provided by the data source. In this work, we present SocialBERT - the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Ilia Karpov , Nick Kartashev

With the growth of the academic engines, the mining and analysis acquisition of massive researcher data, such as collaborator recommendation and researcher retrieval, has become indispensable. It can improve the quality of services and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Ziyue Qiao , Yanjie Fu , Pengyang Wang , Meng Xiao , Zhiyuan Ning , Denghui Zhang , Yi Du , Yuanchun Zhou

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems developed in recent years have shown promising results with self-attention models (e.g., Transformer and Conformer), which are replacing conventional recurrent neural networks. Meanwhile, a…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Koichi Miyazaki , Masato Murata , Tomoki Koriyama

Pre-trained encoder-decoder transformer architectures have become increasingly popular recently with the advent of T5 models. T5 has also become more favorable over other architectures like BERT due to the amount of data that it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Frederick Liu , Terry Huang , Shihang Lyu , Siamak Shakeri , Hongkun Yu , Jing Li

Much information available to applied researchers is contained within written language or spoken text. Deep language models such as BERT have achieved unprecedented success in many applications of computational linguistics. However, much…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Ingo Marquart

Semantic similarity analysis and modeling is a fundamentally acclaimed task in many pioneering applications of natural language processing today. Owing to the sensation of sequential pattern recognition, many neural networks like RNNs and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Praneeth Nemani , Satyanarayana Vollala

This paper investigates fake news detection as a downstream evaluation of Transformer representations, benchmarking encoder-only and decoder-only pre-trained models (BERT, GPT-2, Transformer-XL) as frozen embedders paired with lightweight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sumit Mamtani , Abhijeet Bhure

Transformer models have shown impressive performance on a variety of NLP tasks. Off-the-shelf, pre-trained models can be fine-tuned for specific NLP classification tasks, reducing the need for large amounts of additional training data.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Maaike Burghoorn , Maaike H. T. de Boer , Stephan Raaijmakers

Pre-trained Transformer-based models have achieved state-of-the-art performance for various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models often have billions of parameters, and, thus, are too resource-hungry and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Prakhar Ganesh , Yao Chen , Xin Lou , Mohammad Ali Khan , Yin Yang , Hassan Sajjad , Preslav Nakov , Deming Chen , Marianne Winslett

Even though BERT achieves successful performance improvements in various supervised learning tasks, applying BERT for unsupervised tasks still holds a limitation that it requires repetitive inference for computing contextual language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Joongbo Shin , Yoonhyung Lee , Seunghyun Yoon , Kyomin Jung

Image-text matching is an interesting and fascinating task in modern AI research. Despite the evolution of deep-learning-based image and text processing systems, multi-modal matching remains a challenging problem. In this work, we consider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Nicola Messina , Fabrizio Falchi , Andrea Esuli , Giuseppe Amato

Developing high-performance entity normalization algorithms that can alleviate the term variation problem is of great interest to the biomedical community. Although deep learning-based methods have been successfully applied to biomedical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-08-12 Zongcheng Ji , Qiang Wei , Hua Xu