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Material decomposition in X-ray imaging uses the energy-dependence of attenuation to virtually decompose an object into specific constituent materials. X-ray phase contrast imaging is a developing technique that can enhance image contrast…
Spectral imaging is the acquisition of multiple images of an object at different energy spectra. In mammography, dual-energy imaging (spectral imaging with two energy levels) has been investigated for several applications, in particular…
Background: Dual-energy CT (DECT) and material decomposition play vital roles in quantitative medical imaging. However, the decomposition process may suffer from significant noise amplification, leading to severely degraded image…
Dual-energy imaging is a clinically well-established technique that offers several advantages over conventional X-ray imaging. By performing measurements with two distinct X-ray spectra, differences in energy-dependent attenuation are…
Dual energy CT (DECT) enhances tissue characterization because it can produce images of basis materials such as soft-tissue and bone. DECT is of great interest in applications to medical imaging, security inspection and nondestructive…
X-ray imaging is indispensable in medical diagnostics, yet its use is tightly regulated due to potential health risks. To mitigate radiation exposure, recent research focuses on generating novel views from sparse inputs and reconstructing…
Most material discrimination in security inspections is based on dual-energy x-ray imaging, which enables the determination of a material's effective atomic number (Zeff) as well as electron density and its consequent classification as…
Multi-energy X-ray tomography is studied for decomposing three materials using three X-ray energies and a classical energy-integrating detector. A novel regularization term comprises inner products between the material distribution…
Bones are always wrapped by soft tissues. As a result, bones in their X-ray images are obscured and become unclear. In this paper, we tackle this problem and propose a novel task to virtually decompose the soft tissue and bone by image…
A potential application for spectral computed tomography (CT) with multi-energy-window photon-counting detectors is quantitative medical imaging with K-edge contrast agents. Image reconstruction for spectral CT with such contrast agents…
Material decomposition for imaging multiple contrast agents in a single acquisition has been made possible by spectral CT: a modality which incorporates multiple photon energy spectral sensitivities into a single data collection. This work…
X-ray images play a vital role in the intraoperative processes due to their high resolution and fast imaging speed and greatly promote the subsequent segmentation, registration and reconstruction. However, over-dosed X-rays superimpose…
Inferior soft-tissue contrast resolution is a major limitation of current CT scanners. The aim of the study is to improve the contrast resolution of CT scanners using dual-energy acquisition. Based on dual-energy material decomposition, the…
A new procedure aiming at disentangling the instrumental profile broadening and the relevant X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) profile shape is presented. The technique consists of three steps: denoising by means of wavelet transforms,…
Model-based material decomposition is a statisticaliterative reconstruction framework where basis material densityimages are estimated directly from spectral CT data. This methoduses a physical model for polyenergetic x-ray transmission…
The values of the signal-to-noise ratio are determined, at which the method of processing X-ray diffraction data reveals reflections with intensity less than the noise component of the background. The possibilities of the method are…
In spectral CT reconstruction, the basis materials decomposition involves solving a large-scale nonlinear system of integral equations, which is highly ill-posed mathematically. This paper proposes a model that parameterizes the attenuation…
Three independent techniques are used to separate fine structure from the absorption spectra, the background function in which is approximated by (i) smoothing spline. We propose a new reliable criterion for determination of smoothing…
The core theme of X-ray crystallography is reconstructing the electron density distribution of crystals under the constraints of observed diffraction data. Nevertheless, the reconstruction of electron density distribution by straightforward…
Dual-energy X-ray tomography is considered in a context where the target under imaging consists of two distinct materials. The materials are assumed to be possibly intertwined in space, but at any given location there is only one material…