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Diffusion models emerged as a leading approach in text-to-image generation, producing high-quality images from textual descriptions. However, attempting to achieve detailed control to get a desired image solely through text remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Pablo Domingo-Gregorio , Javier Ruiz-Hidalgo

Recent text-to-image generation favors various forms of spatial conditions, e.g., masks, bounding boxes, and key points. However, the majority of the prior art requires form-specific annotations to fine-tune the original model, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Z. Zhang , B. Liu , J. Bao , L. Chen , S. Zhu , J. Yu

Text generation rarely considers the control of lexical complexity, which limits its more comprehensive practical application. We introduce a novel task of lexical complexity controlled sentence generation, which aims at keywords to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Jinran Nie , Liner Yang , Yun Chen , Cunliang Kong , Junhui Zhu , Erhong Yang

Modern large-scale Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have achieved tremendous success on a wide range of downstream tasks. However, most of the LM pre-training objectives only focus on text reconstruction, but have not sought to learn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Liliang Ren , Zixuan Zhang , Han Wang , Clare R. Voss , Chengxiang Zhai , Heng Ji

Task-oriented semantic parsing models typically have high resource requirements: to support new ontologies (i.e., intents and slots), practitioners crowdsource thousands of samples for supervised fine-tuning. Partly, this is due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Shrey Desai , Akshat Shrivastava , Alexander Zotov , Ahmed Aly

Selective manipulation of data attributes using deep generative models is an active area of research. In this paper, we present a novel method to structure the latent space of a Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) to encode different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Ashis Pati , Alexander Lerch

Energy-based models (EBMs) have gained popularity for controlled text generation due to their high applicability to a wide range of constraints. However, sampling from EBMs is non-trivial, as it often requires a large number of iterations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Xin Liu , Muhammad Khalifa , Lu Wang

The combination of Large Language Models (LLMs), systematic evaluation, and evolutionary algorithms has enabled breakthroughs in combinatorial optimization and scientific discovery. We propose to extend this powerful combination to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Carlo Bosio , Mark W. Mueller

Latent variable models for text, when trained successfully, accurately model the data distribution and capture global semantic and syntactic features of sentences. The prominent approach to train such models is variational autoencoders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Bo Pang , Erik Nijkamp , Tian Han , Ying Nian Wu

Unsupervised text embedding methods, such as Skip-gram and Paragraph Vector, have been attracting increasing attention due to their simplicity, scalability, and effectiveness. However, comparing to sophisticated deep learning architectures…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-04 Jian Tang , Meng Qu , Qiaozhu Mei

Recent neural text-to-speech (TTS) models with fine-grained latent features enable precise control of the prosody of synthesized speech. Such models typically incorporate a fine-grained variational autoencoder (VAE) structure, extracting…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-11 Guangzhi Sun , Yu Zhang , Ron J. Weiss , Yuan Cao , Heiga Zen , Andrew Rosenberg , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , Yonghui Wu

Goal-conditioned planning benefits from learned low-dimensional representations of rich observations. While compact latent representations typically learned from variational autoencoders or inverse dynamics enable goal-conditioned decision…

Pretrained Transformer-based language models (LMs) display remarkable natural language generation capabilities. With their immense potential, controlling text generation of such LMs is getting attention. While there are studies that seek to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Alvin Chan , Yew-Soon Ong , Bill Pung , Aston Zhang , Jie Fu

Text generation under constraints have seen increasing interests in natural language processing, especially with the rapidly improving capabilities of large language models. However, existing benchmarks for constrained generation usually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Shunyu Yao , Howard Chen , Austin W. Hanjie , Runzhe Yang , Karthik Narasimhan

In this paper, we propose OccTENS, a generative occupancy world model that enables controllable, high-fidelity long-term occupancy generation while maintaining computational efficiency. Different from visual generation, the occupancy world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Bu Jin , Songen Gu , Xiaotao Hu , Yupeng Zheng , Xiaoyang Guo , Qian Zhang , Xiaoxiao Long , Wei Yin

Controlling the attribute intensity of text generation is crucial across scenarios (e.g., writing conciseness, chatting emotion, and explanation clarity). The remarkable capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Shang Zhou , Feng Yao , Chengyu Dong , Zihan Wang , Jingbo Shang

This survey reviews how large language models (LLMs) are transforming synthetic training data generation in both natural language and code domains. By producing artificial but task-relevant examples, these models can significantly augment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Mihai Nadas , Laura Diosan , Andreea Tomescu

We propose a method to learn unsupervised sentence representations in a non-compositional manner based on Generative Latent Optimization. Our approach does not impose any assumptions on how words are to be combined into a sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Sidak Pal Singh , Angela Fan , Michael Auli

Large pre-trained language models are often trained on large volumes of internet data, some of which may contain toxic or abusive language. Consequently, language models encode toxic information, which makes the real-world usage of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Andrew Wang , Mohit Sudhakar , Yangfeng Ji

Modern text classification methods heavily rely on contextual embeddings from large language models (LLMs). Compared to human-engineered features, these embeddings provide automatic and effective representations for classification model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Xuansheng Wu , Wenhao Yu , Xiaoming Zhai , Ninghao Liu