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High-dimensional observations and unknown dynamics are major challenges when applying optimal control to many real-world decision making tasks. The Learning Controllable Embedding (LCE) framework addresses these challenges by embedding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Rui Shu , Tung Nguyen , Yinlam Chow , Tuan Pham , Khoat Than , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Stefano Ermon , Hung H. Bui

Structuring the latent space in probabilistic deep generative models, e.g., variational autoencoders (VAEs), is important to yield more expressive models and interpretable representations, and to avoid overfitting. One way to achieve this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Mostafa Sadeghi , Paul Magron

Text simplification (TS) systems rewrite text to make it more readable while preserving its content. However, what makes a text easy to read depends on the intended readers. Recent work has shown that pre-trained language models can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Sweta Agrawal , Marine Carpuat

Text simplification is a common task where the text is adapted to make it easier to understand. Similarly, text elaboration can make a passage more sophisticated, offering a method to control the complexity of reading comprehension tests.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Asma Farajidizaji , Vatsal Raina , Mark Gales

Description-based text-to-speech (TTS) models exhibit strong performance on in-domain text descriptions, i.e., those encountered during training. However, in real-world applications, the diverse range of user-generated descriptions…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Heyang Xue , Xuchen Song , Yu Tang , Jianyu Chen , Yanru Chen , Yang Li , Yahui Zhou

Generative adversarial nets (GANs) have been successfully applied in many fields like image generation, inpainting, super-resolution and drug discovery, etc., by now, the inner process of GANs is far from been understood. To get deeper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Ziqiang Li , Rentuo Tao , Hongjing Niu , Bin Li

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), Controllable Text Generation (CTG) has become a critical technology for enhancing system reliability and user experience. Addressing the limitations of traditional methods, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yan Zhuang , Yuan Sun

We introduce a novel latent vector space model that jointly learns the latent representations of words, e-commerce products and a mapping between the two without the need for explicit annotations. The power of the model lies in its ability…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-08-26 Christophe Van Gysel , Maarten de Rijke , Evangelos Kanoulas

Recent advancements in large language models have revolutionized text generation with their remarkable capabilities. These models can produce controlled texts that closely adhere to specific requirements when prompted appropriately.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Zhe Yang , Yi Huang , Yaqin Chen , Xiaoting Wu , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng

Transformers trained on huge text corpora exhibit a remarkable set of capabilities, e.g., performing basic arithmetic. Given the inherent compositional nature of language, one can expect the model to learn to compose these capabilities,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Rahul Ramesh , Ekdeep Singh Lubana , Mikail Khona , Robert P. Dick , Hidenori Tanaka

Despite significant advancements in text-to-image models for generating high-quality images, these methods still struggle to ensure the controllability of text prompts over images in the context of complex text prompts, especially when it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Zhenyu Wang , Enze Xie , Aoxue Li , Zhongdao Wang , Xihui Liu , Zhenguo Li

The applications of large language models (LLMs) have been widely spread across all domains. However, the basic abilities such as the controllability of LLMs are still limited. To address this, we propose "Self-controller", a novel agentic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Xiao Peng , Xufan Geng

Neural conversation models such as encoder-decoder models are easy to generate bland and generic responses. Some researchers propose to use the conditional variational autoencoder(CVAE) which maximizes the lower bound on the conditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Jun Gao , Wei Bi , Xiaojiang Liu , Junhui Li , Guodong Zhou , Shuming Shi

Exploration capacity shapes both inference-time performance and reinforcement learning (RL) training for large (vision-) language models, as stochastic sampling often yields redundant reasoning paths with little high-level diversity. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Rujiao Long , Yang Li , Xingyao Zhang , Weixun Wang , Tianqianjin Lin , Xi Zhao , Yuchi Xu , Wenbo Su , Junchi Yan , Bo Zheng

Incremental text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis generates utterances in small linguistic units for the sake of real-time and low-latency applications. We previously proposed an incremental TTS method that leverages a large pre-trained language…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Takaaki Saeki , Shinnosuke Takamichi , Hiroshi Saruwatari

As large-scale language models become the standard for text generation, there is a greater need to tailor the generations to be more or less concise, targeted, and informative, depending on the audience/application. Existing control…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Samraj Moorjani , Adit Krishnan , Hari Sundaram

Recent large-scale generative models learned on big data are capable of synthesizing incredible images yet suffer from limited controllability. This work offers a new generation paradigm that allows flexible control of the output image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Lianghua Huang , Di Chen , Yu Liu , Yujun Shen , Deli Zhao , Jingren Zhou

Despite recent advances in natural language generation, it remains challenging to control attributes of generated text. We propose DExperts: Decoding-time Experts, a decoding-time method for controlled text generation that combines a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Alisa Liu , Maarten Sap , Ximing Lu , Swabha Swayamdipta , Chandra Bhagavatula , Noah A. Smith , Yejin Choi

The era of Large Language Models (LLMs) raises new demands for automatic evaluation metrics, which should be adaptable to various application scenarios while maintaining low cost and effectiveness. Traditional metrics for automatic text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Shuqian Sheng , Yi Xu , Tianhang Zhang , Zanwei Shen , Luoyi Fu , Jiaxin Ding , Lei Zhou , Xiaoying Gan , Xinbing Wang , Chenghu Zhou

This paper investigates the inverse capabilities and broader utility of multimodal latent spaces within task-specific AI (Artificial Intelligence) models. While these models excel at their designed forward tasks (e.g., text-to-image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Siwoo Park
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