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We present a technique that uses an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond to image magnetic fields with high spatio-temporal resolution and sensitivity. A focused laser beam is raster-scanned using an acousto-optic deflector…

Remote sensing change detection (RSCD) is a complex task, where changes often appear at different scales and orientations. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are good at capturing local spatial patterns but cannot model global semantics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Humza Naveed , Xina Zeng , Mitch Bryson , Nagita Mehrseresht

Diffusion models have recently emerged as a powerful technique in image generation, especially for image super-resolution tasks. While 2D diffusion models significantly enhance the resolution of individual images, existing diffusion-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Bohao Chen , Yanchao Zhang , Yanan Lv , Hua Han , Xi Chen

The simulation of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images or diffraction patterns is often required to interpret their contrast and extract specimen features. This is especially true for high-resolution phase-contrast imaging of…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-03-30 Jacob Madsen , Timothy J. Pennycook , Toma Susi

This paper introduces Spectral Incoherent Diffractive Imaging (SIDI) as a novel method for achieving dark-field imaging of nanostructures with heterogeneous oxidation states. With SIDI, shifts in photoemission profiles can be spatially…

Optics · Physics 2023-12-25 Tamme Wollweber , Kartik Ayyer

The inverse design of metasurfaces faces inherent challenges due to the nonlinear and highly complex relationship between geometric configurations and their electromagnetic behavior. Traditional optimization approaches often suffer from…

We propose spatial semantic embedding network (SSEN), a simple, yet efficient algorithm for 3D instance segmentation using deep metric learning. The raw 3D reconstruction of an indoor environment suffers from occlusions, noise, and is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Dongsu Zhang , Junha Chun , Sang Kyun Cha , Young Min Kim

Hyperspectral image analysis often requires selecting the most informative bands instead of processing the whole data without losing the key information. Existing band reduction (BR) methods have the capability to reveal the nonlinear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Muhammad Ahmad , Asad Khan , Adil Mehmood Khan , Rasheed Hussain

Understanding elementary mechanisms behind solid-state phase transformations and reactions is the key to optimizing desired functional properties of many technologically relevant materials. Recent advances in scanning transmission electron…

Sub-angstrom spatial resolution of electron density coupled with sub-femtosecond temporal resolution is required to directly observe the dynamics of the electronic structure of a molecule after photoinitiation or some other ultrafast…

Determining crystal structures from X-ray diffraction data is fundamental across diverse scientific fields, yet remains a significant challenge when data is limited to low resolution. While recent deep learning models have made…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-22 Jiale Zhao , Cong Liu , Yuxuan Zhang , Chengyue Gong , Zhenyi Zhang , Shifeng Jin , Zhenyu Liu

Focused ion beams (FIBs) are widely used in nanofabrication for applications such as circuit repair, ultra-thin lamella preparation, strain engineering, and quantum device prototyping. Although the lateral spread of the ion beam is often…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-11-04 M. G. Masteghin , Z. P. Aslam , A. P. Brown , M. J. Whiting , S. K. Clowes , R. P. Webb , D. C. Cox

To assist in the planning of in situ loading, HEDM experiments by generating synthetic diffraction images of virtual samples in loaded and unloaded states. The user designates a target grain in the virtual sample and specifies the set of…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-04-03 Paul R. Dawson , Matthew P. Miller

Defect inspection is paramount within the closed-loop manufacturing system. However, existing datasets for defect inspection often lack precision and semantic granularity required for practical applications. In this paper, we introduce the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Shuai Yang , Zhifei Chen , Pengguang Chen , Xi Fang , Yixun Liang , Shu Liu , Yingcong Chen

High-resolution mapping of electronic properties at oxide heterointerfaces remains challenging due to probe delocalization and overlapping signals. In this work, we employ monochromated, probe-corrected scanning transmission electron…

Coherent X-ray scattering techniques are critical for investigating the fundamental structural properties of materials at the nanoscale. While advancements have made these experiments more accessible, real-time analysis remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Aileen Luo , Tao Zhou , Ming Du , Martin V. Holt , Andrej Singer , Mathew J. Cherukara

Recent token merging techniques for Vision Transformers (ViTs) provide substantial speedups by reducing the number of tokens processed by self-attention, often without retraining. However, their direct application to the Segment Anything…

We compare two transmission electron microscopy (TEM) based techniques that can provide highly spatially resolved quantitative measurements of magnetic induction fields at high sensitivity. To this end, the magnetic induction of a…

Detecting glass regions is a challenging task due to the ambiguity of their transparency and reflection properties. These transparent glasses share the visual appearance of both transmitted arbitrary background scenes and reflected objects,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Jing Hao , Moyun Liu , Kuo Feng Hung

We establish a series of deep convolutional neural networks to automatically analyze position averaged convergent beam electron diffraction patterns. The networks first calibrate the zero-order disk size, center position, and rotation…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2018-06-05 Weizong Xu , James M. LeBeau